Leukoplakia
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Persistent white plaques that cannot be scraped off
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- Not fully understood
- Associated with alcohol and tobacco use
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Oral cavity cancer and tongue carcinoma
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Oral lichen planus
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Oral candidiasis/oral thrush |
- White lesions that can be scraped off, resulting in red, inflamed, or bleeding areas
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Atrophic glossitis |
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- Treatment of the underlying condition
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Erythroplakia [2]
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- Not fully understood
- Associated with tobacco and alcohol use
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- Tobacco and alcohol use cessation
- Carbon dioxide laser excision
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Oral hairy leukoplakia |
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Benign, painless, irregularly shaped white plaques with feathery or hairy appearance
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Most commonly located on the lateral tongue, but can also occur on the floor of the mouth, palate, or buccal mucosa
- Patches cannot be scraped off (in contrast to oral thrush)
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Treatment of the underlying condition
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Herpetic gingivostomatitis |
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- HSV-1
- Predominantly affects children
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Lingual thyroid [4]
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