AMBOSS content updates

This page provides users with an overview of significant content updates in AMBOSS. At this time we are reporting newly published articles, sections that have undergone substantial rework of content, new multimedia/images, and new flowcharts on a monthly basis. Please note that not all changes are reported – smaller changes and updates are too numerous to also include here. The turnover of Qbank progress is currently too high to provide direct links to these updates, but they can be found by using the "Custom Session" after clicking "Create a Session" in the Qbank area.

Our editorial staff is happy to provide you with new content, and we will continue doing our best to optimize AMBOSS for medical professionals around the world! If there's something that you'd still like to see added or improved, feel free to let us know via the feedback function found throughout our content or clicking “Ideas & Feedback” at the bottom of the AMBOSS page.

Articles

• New articles
  • Premenstrual disorders
  • Soft tissue sarcoma
  • Antibiotic stewardship
  • Amenorrhea
• Revised articles
  • Tuberculosis
  • Meckel diverticulum
  • Fecal incontinence
  • Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy
  • Tremor
  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  • The menstrual cycle
  • Induced abortion
  • Mediastinal mass
  • Multifetal gestation
  • Acute rheumatic fever
  • Dermatophyte infections
  • Osteoporosis
  • Autoimmune blistering diseases
  • Influenza
  • Head and neck carcinomas
  • Elbow dislocation
  • Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
  • Lymphadenopathy
  • Testicular tumors
  • Neural tube defects
  • Hematuria
  • Achalasia
  • Principles of pain management
  • Insertional tendinopathy
  • Idiopathic scoliosis

Questions

• 8 revised USMLE questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Mediastinal mass
  • Dyspareunia in women
  • NSAID hypersensitivity
  • Adenomyosis
  • Hip pain
  • Eosinophilic lung diseases
  • Letter resolved unexplained event
• Revised articles
  • Deep vein thrombosis
  • Acute cholecystitis
  • Fetal growth restriction
  • Endometriosis
  • Vulvovaginitis
  • Work-related conditions
  • Polyhydramnios
  • Erythrocyte morphology and hemoglobin
  • Sleep and sleep disorders
  • Nipple discharge
  • IgA vasculitis

Questions

• 49 revised USMLE questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Chronic liver disease
  • Adult-onset Still disease
  • Neonatal resuscitation
  • Leukopenia
  • Pelvic pain
  • Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
  • Relapsing polychondritis
  • Mastocytosis
  • Eosinophilia
• Revised articles
  • Candidiasis
  • Inborn errors of metabolism
  • Breast cancer
  • Bowel surgery
  • Obesity and metabolic syndrome
  • Sudden infant death syndrome
  • Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
  • Food allergy
  • Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn
  • Tuberculosis
  • Seborrheic dermatitis
  • Infective endocarditis
  • ECG
  • Clerkship guide
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
  • Oligohydramnios
  • Tinnitus
  • Influenza
  • Nipple discharge
  • Vitiligo
  • Helminth infections
  • Amebiasis
  • Achilles tendon rupture
  • Anal fissures
  • Immunization schedule
  • Respiratory syncytial virus infection
  • Mpox
  • COVID-19
  • Acute heart failure

Questions

• 24 revised USMLE questions
• 4 new USMLE questions:
  • 3 Social Sciene questions
  • 1 H&P question

Articles

• New articles
  • Pancytopenia
  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Cat scratch disease
  • Cervical spine injuries
  • Gender dysphoria
  • Angular deformities of the lower extremities
  • IgG4-related disease
  • Urticaria
• Revised articles
  • Breast cancer
  • Pityriasis rosea
  • Erythema multiforme
  • Brucellosis
  • Lichen planus
  • Folate deficiency
  • Budd-Chiari syndrome
  • Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency
  • Burns
  • Suicide
  • Prenatal care
  • Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
  • Pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale
  • Valvular heart disease
  • Acyanotic congenital heart disease
  • Alcohol-associated liver disease
  • Vertebral injuries
  • Pregnancy loss
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Polycystic kidney disease
  • Poisoning
  • Cholelithiasis

Questions

• 207 revised USMLE questions
• 14 new USMLE questions
  • 12 paragraph-style
  • 2 H&P style
• 3 new NEJM Knowledge+ questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Anogenital warts
  • Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
  • Cutaneous warts
  • Adrenal incidentaloma
  • Refractive errors
  • Leukocytosis
• Revised articles
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Deep vein thrombosis
  • Alcohol-associated hepatitis
  • Introduction to geriatrics
  • Opioid use disorder
  • Family planning
  • Human papillomavirus infection
  • Pneumonia
  • Typhoid and paratyphoid fever
  • Portal hypertension
  • Tibial and fibular fractures
  • Subacute thyroiditis
  • Prenatal care
  • Overview of alcohol use
  • Febrile seizures
  • Hematuria
  • Acute cholecystitis
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder
  • Arginine vasopressin disorders (diabetes insipidus)
  • Biliary cancer
  • Pituitary adenoma
  • Dissection of the carotid and the vertebral arteries
  • Diagnostic investigations and procedures in urology

Questions

• 19 new Step 2 CK questions
  • 11 paragraph-style
  • 8 H&P style
• 104 revised USMLE questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Perioral dermatitis
  • Acetaminophen overdose
  • Malaise and fatigue
  • Complications of cancer therapy
  • Rash
• Revised articles
  • Brain abscess
  • Iron deficiency anemia
  • Diabetic kidney disease
  • Hyperprolactinemia
  • Glomerular diseases
  • Nephritic syndrome
  • Rosacea
  • Normal labor and delivery
  • Malabsorption
  • Molluscum contagiosum
  • Lice infestation
  • Clavicle fracture
  • Strongyloidiasis
  • Contraception
  • Lichen sclerosus
  • Schistosomiasis
  • Laryngeal carcinoma
  • Chlamydia infections
  • Gonorrhea
  • Lyme disease
  • Mycoplasma genitalium infection
  • Radiation injury
  • Inflammation of the eyelids
  • Anal cancer
  • Principles of cancer care

Questions

• 27 new Step 2 CK questions
• 3 new NEJM Knowledge+ questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Xeroderma pigmentosum
  • Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
  • Emergency department administration
  • Nummular dermatitis
• Revised articles
  • Infectious mononucleosis
  • Mycosis fungoides
  • Vulvar and vaginal cancer
  • Principles of medical law and ethics
  • Pharyngeal cancer
  • Postpartum complications
  • Rubella
  • Mumps
  • Measles
  • Complex regional pain syndrome
  • Ovarian cancer
  • Stevens-Johnson syndrome
  • Acne vulgaris
  • Meniscus tear

Questions

• 5 new Step 2 CK questions
• 1 new COMLEX level 2 CE question

Articles

• New articles
  • Infant nutrition and breastfeeding
  • Lymphedema
  • Infectious tenosynovitis
  • Leg length discrepancy
  • Stridor
  • Chest x-ray
  • Actinic keratosis
  • Acute and posttraumatic stress disorders
  • Pes planus
  • Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome
  • Mycoplasma genitalium infection
  • Weakness and paralysis
• Revised articles
  • Vulvar and vaginal cancer
  • Periprocedural management of oral anticoagulant therapy
  • Retinal vessel occlusion
  • Pilonidal disease
  • Asthma
  • Candidiasis
  • Noninfectious tenosynovitis
  • Breast cancer
  • Spinal cord injuries
  • Aspergillosis
  • Lung cancer
  • IgA nephropathy
  • Scaphoid fracture
  • Acyanotic congenital heart defects
  • Introduction to geriatrics
  • Lactose intolerance
  • Urethritis
  • Atrophic gastritis
  • Gonorrhea
  • Chlamydia infections
  • Sexually transmitted infections
  • Principles of transgender health care
  • Prenatal care
  • Syphilis
  • Splenic injuries
  • Vaccination
  • Heat-related illnesses
  • Diseases of the uvea
  • Deep neck infections
  • Impetigo

Questions

• 114 new and 53 revised NEJM Knowledge+ questions
• 9 new and 3 revised Step 2 CK questions
• 4 new COMLEX questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Morton neuroma
  • Postpartum complications
  • Cholesterol embolization syndrome
  • Keratosis pilaris
  • Tarsal tunnel syndrome
  • Dermatological conditions in skin of color
  • Peripheral edema
  • Sedative-hypnotic drug overdose
  • Abnormal uterine bleeding
  • Central neuropathic pain
  • Corns and calluses
  • Strongyloidiasis
• Revised articles
  • Health care system
  • Point-of-care ultrasound
  • Dental disorders
  • Torticollis
  • Helminth infections
  • Postpartum care
  • Foreign body ingestion
  • Supraventricular premature beats
  • Anal cancer
  • Graves disease
  • Nevus
  • Brucellosis
  • Cytomegalovirus infection
  • Typhoid and paratyphoid fever
  • Occupational skin diseases
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Diseases of the salivary glands
  • Shoulder dislocation
  • Gastrointestinal bleeding
  • Peptic ulcer disease
  • Giardiasis
  • Kawasaki disease
  • Obstructive sleep apnea

Questions

• 3095 NEJM Knowledge+ Specialty Board Exams questions
  • 2082 Internal Medicine (ABIM) questions
  • 2031 Family Medicine (ABFM) questions
  • 986 Pediatrics (ABP) questions
• 4 new and 2 revised Step 2 CK questions
• 3 new COMLEX Level 3 questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Radiation injury
  • Lichen simplex chronicus
  • Acanthosis nigricans
  • Hyperpigmentation disorders
• Revised articles
  • Acute limb ischemia
  • Leptospirosis
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Examination of the eye
  • Scabies
  • Retinal detachment
  • Transfusion
  • Irritants and asphyxiants

Questions

• 10 new Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Deviated nasal septum
  • Bedbugs
  • Nasal turbinate hypertrophy
  • Tobacco product use and smoking cessation
  • Helicobacter pylori infection
  • Sciatica
  • Cholinergic poisoning
• Revised articles
  • Orbital disorders
  • Herpes simplex virus infections
  • Cytomegalovirus infection
  • Pediatric fractures
  • Aneurysm
  • Sexually transmitted infections
  • Premature ventricular contractions
  • Anxiety disorders
  • Heart failure
  • Gonorrhea
  • Hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis
  • Preventive medicine
  • Acute asthma exacerbation
  • Disorders of the visual pathway
  • Granuloma inguinale
  • Chancroid
  • Genitourinary trauma
  • Back pain

Questions

• 13 new Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Cervicitis
  • Upper respiratory tract infection
  • Eustachian tube dysfunction
  • Methemoglobinemia
  • Contraception
• Revised articles
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Asthma
  • Hiatal hernia
  • Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • Pelvic fracture
  • Typhus
  • Osgood-Schlatter disease
  • Incomplete spinal cord syndromes
  • Spinal cord injuries
  • Abnormal labor and delivery
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease
  • Traumatic eye injuries
  • Leishmaniasis
  • Acute liver failure

Questions

• 12 new Step 2 CK questions
• 58 new COMLEX-USA Level 1 and Level 2 CE questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Acute pain management
  • Chronic noncancer pain management
  • Principles of pain management
  • Intraabdominal abscesses
  • High-risk pregnancies
  • Benign skin tumors
  • Shoulder reduction
  • Capacity, competence, and consent
  • Medical professionalism and codes of conduct
  • Ethics of communicating medical information
  • Adult health maintenance
• Revised articles
  • Urinary retention
  • Louse- and flea-borne diseases
  • Zika virus infection
  • Deep vein thrombosis
  • Opioids
  • Tuberculosis
  • Tick-borne diseases
  • Anorectal abscess and fistula
  • Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  • Quality improvement
  • Hodgkin lymphoma
  • Disorders of the glans penis and foreskin
  • Lipid disorders
  • Miscellaneous mosquito-borne diseases
  • Giant cell arteritis
  • Sexually transmitted infections

Questions

• 2 new and 3 revised Step 2 CK questions
• 74 new COMLEX-USA Level 1 and Level 2 CE questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Traumatic hemothorax
  • Alcohol use disorder
  • Alcohol intoxication
  • Colonoscopy
  • Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
  • Overview of viral hepatitides
• Revised articles
  • Finger and toe infections
  • Lyme disease
  • Intimate partner violence
  • Overview of alcohol use
  • Urinary retention

Articles

• New articles
  • Elevated transaminases
  • Wound closure techniques
  • Respiratory syncytial virus infection
  • Hypertrophic and keloid scars
  • Drug-induced liver injury
  • Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
  • Angiodysplasia
• Revised articles
  • Approach to the agitated or violent patient
  • Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
  • Basal cell carcinoma
  • Restless legs syndrome
  • Portal hypertension
  • Melanoma
  • Food poisoning
  • Introduction to geriatrics
  • Heart failure
  • Blunt trauma
  • Tick-borne diseases (new section on Alpha-gal syndrome)

Questions

• Revised 7 Step 1 and 5 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Ear injuries
  • Cervical cancer screening
• Revised articles
  • Meningitis
  • Postoperative management
  • Acyanotic congenital heart defects
  • Personality disorders
  • Invasive cervical cancer
  • Hepatitis B
  • Preterm labor and birth
  • Laryngitis
  • Soft tissue lesions of the shoulder

Questions

• Revised 18 Step 1 and 2 Step 2 CK questions
• 4 new Step 2 CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Polyhydramnios
  • Oligohydramnios
  • Stimulant intoxication and withdrawal
  • Psychiatric drug poisoning
  • Cardiovascular drug poisoning
  • Pediatric fever
  • Fever in infants ≤ 60 days of age
• Revised articles
  • Syphilis
  • Pregnancy
  • Myelodysplastic syndromes
  • Hypertensive pregnancy disorders
  • Acne vulgaris
  • Bronchiolitis
  • Guillain-Barré syndrome
  • Drowning

Questions

• Revised 22 Step 1 questions
• 1 new Step 2 CK practice question

Articles

• New articles
  • Toxic alcohol poisoning
  • Foreign bodies in the nose
  • Refeeding syndrome
  • Hidradenitis suppurativa
  • Nasogastric tube placement
  • Jaw disorders
  • Prenatal care
  • Arthrocentesis and intraarticular injection
  • Neck sprain
  • Soft tissue injuries of the head and neck
• Revised articles
  • Guillain-Barré syndrome
  • Primary biliary cholangitis
  • Tetanus
  • ECG
  • Pain management
  • Acute exacerbation of COPD

Questions

• 3 new Step 2 CK practice question
• Revised 6 Step 1 questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Patient safety
  • Envenomation
  • Late-term and postterm pregnancy
  • Cannabis-induced disorders
• Revised articles
  • Lipid disorders
  • Iron-deficiency anemia
  • Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • Animal bites
  • Older adult abuse
  • Acute appendicitis
  • Corneal disorders
  • Influenza
  • Mild traumatic brain injury
  • IgA vasculitis

Questions

• 6 new Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 6 Step 1 and 4 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Foreign bodies in the ear
  • Human trafficking
  • Older adult abuse
  • Intimate partner violence
• Revised articles
  • Finger injuries
  • Stress fractures
  • Esophageal cancer
  • Pertussis
  • Paget disease of bone
  • Thromboangiitis obliterans
  • Menopause
  • Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
  • Sports injuries
  • Poliomyelitis
  • Normal labor and delivery
  • Work-related conditions
  • Syphilis
  • Sexual violence
  • Esophageal diverticula

Questions

• Revised 1 Step 1 and 2 Step 2 CK questions
• 4 new Step 2 CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Vitamin D deficiency
  • Transurethral catheterization
  • Sunburn
  • Otitis media with effusion
  • Chronic suppurative otitis media
  • Cerumen impaction
  • Overview of ovarian tumors
• Revised articles
  • Patellar dislocation
  • Osteomalacia and rickets
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • Hypermagnesemia
  • General principles of fractures
  • Prostatitis
  • Measles
  • Mumps
  • Rubella
  • Diphtheria
  • Hydrocephalus
  • Hashimoto thyroiditis
  • Photodermatoses
  • Serotonin syndrome
  • Pregnancy loss
  • Acute otitis media
  • Opioid overdose
  • Penetrating trauma
  • Anal fissures

Questions

• Revised 4 Step 1 and 5 Step 2 CK questions
• 3 new Step 2 CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Growth faltering
  • Overview of fungal infections
  • Vascular access
  • Atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response
  • Forearm fractures
  • Challenging clinical and ethical scenarios
  • Male circumcision
  • Airway malacias
• Revised articles
  • Sports injuries
  • Major neurocognitive disorder
  • Irritable bowel syndrome
  • Child development and milestones
  • Vaccination
  • Knee ligament injuries
  • Wilson disease
  • Immunization schedule
  • Hip fractures
  • Ankle fractures
  • Local anesthetic agents
  • Local anesthesia
  • Overview of stroke
  • Hypoparathyroidism
  • Atrial fibrillation
  • Sarcoidosis

Questions

• Revised 4 Step 1 and 6 Step 2 CK questions
• 1 new Step 2 CK practice question

Articles

• New articles
  • Avascular necrosis
  • Paracentesis
  • Well-child visits
  • Adolescent health
  • Overview of eating disorders
  • Binge eating disorder
  • Bulimia nervosa
  • Anorexia nervosa
  • Abscess incision and drainage
  • Serotonin syndrome
• Revised articles
  • Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
  • Osteonecrosis of the femoral head
  • Amyloidosis
  • Sjogren syndrome
  • Humerus fracture
  • Distal radius fractures
  • Lumbar puncture
  • IgA vasculitis
  • Prostatitis
  • Nonthrombotic embolism
  • Military medicine
  • Fibromyalgia
  • The newborn infant
  • Myasthenia gravis
  • Pain management
  • Cardiac implantable electronic devices
  • Preterm labor and birth
  • Autoimmune hepatitis
  • Hypoparathyroidism
  • Chlamydial infections
  • Hepatitis B
  • Specialized nutrition support

Questions

• 1 new Step 1 practice question
• 4 new Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 1 Step 1 and 2 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Stress fractures
  • Calcaneal fracture
  • Popliteal (Baker) cyst
  • Bursitis
  • Diabetic kidney disease
  • Diabetic gastroparesis
  • Diabetic neuropathy
  • Diabetic retinopathy
  • Diabetic foot
  • Chest tube placement
  • Pica
  • Facial fractures
• Revised articles
  • Insulinoma
  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
  • Hyperparathyroidism
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Postoperative management
  • Skull fractures
  • Deep neck infections
  • Wound treatment

Questions

• 9 new Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 1 Step 1 and 23 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
  • Opioid use disorder
  • Opioid overdose
  • Cricothyrotomy
  • Abdominal compartment syndrome
  • Hypermagnesemia
• Revised articles
  • Conservative treatment of fractures
  • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  • Seizures and epilepsy
  • Cyanotic congenital heart defects
  • Environmental pathology
  • Vulvovaginitis
  • Esophageal varices
  • Diabetes insipidus
  • Asthma
  • Preoperative management
  • Aortic valve stenosis
  • Compartment syndrome
  • Systemic sclerosis
  • Hypertension

Questions

• 9 new Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 10 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Thoracentesis
  • Pericardiocentesis
  • Bacterial conjunctivitis
  • Viral conjunctivitis
  • Noninfectious conjunctivitis
  • Arterial access
  • Takayasu arteritis
  • Polyarteritis nodosa
  • Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
  • Microscopic polyangiitis
  • Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
  • Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis
  • Behcet disease
• Revised articles
  • Bowel surgery
  • Management of trauma patients
  • Hemorrhoids
  • Bacterial tracheitis
  • Endometrial cancer
  • Urinary tract obstruction
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Hypernatremia
  • Management of bradycardia
  • Regional anesthesia
  • Overview of conjunctivitis
  • Vasculitides
  • Legionnaires' disease
  • Valvular heart diseases

Questions

• 10 new Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 11 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Neonatal conjunctivitis
  • Overview of common breast conditions
  • Palpable breast mass
  • Fibroadenoma
  • Phyllodes tumor
  • Intraductal papilloma
  • Lobular carcinoma in situ
  • Breast cysts
  • Galactocele
  • Fibrocystic breast changes
  • Mastitis
  • Breast abscess
  • Mammary duct ectasia
  • Fat necrosis of the breast
  • Mastalgia
  • Breast hypertrophy
  • Superficial thrombophlebitis of the breast
  • Infectious gastroenteritis in children
  • Pneumonia in children
  • Hyperphosphatemia
  • Peripheral venous access
  • Central venous access
  • Intraosseous access
• Revised articles
  • Peptic ulcer disease
  • ECG
  • Transient ischemic attack
  • Pulmonary function testing
  • Local anesthetic agents
  • Antepartum hemorrhage
  • Uterine rupture
  • Maternal complications of pregnancy
  • Management of bradycardia
  • Hip fractures
  • Overview of common breast conditions
  • Specialized nutrition support
  • Syncope
  • Anxiety disorders
  • Infectious gastroenteritis
  • Brain tumors
  • Pheochromocytoma
  • Colonic polyps

Questions

• 2 new Step 1 practice questions
• 9 new Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 39 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Plantar fasciitis
  • General mycology
  • Local anesthesia
  • Regional anesthesia
  • Urinary tract infection in children and adolescents
  • Bacterial tracheitis
  • Normal labor and delivery
  • Abnormal labor and delivery
  • Cesarean section
  • Ovarian torsion
  • Esophageal varices
  • Drug hypersensitivity reactions
  • Serum sickness
• Revised articles
  • Epistaxis
  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • Esophageal perforation
  • Acute abdomen
  • Antiphospholipid syndrome
  • Rotavirus infection
  • Hyperglycemic crises
  • Systemic sclerosis
  • Transplantation
  • Mitral regurgitation
  • Malaria
  • Hemorrhoids
  • Croup
  • Shingles
  • Psoriasis
  • Ovarian cysts
  • Radial head subluxation
  • Deep neck infections
  • Substance-related and addictive behaviors
  • Hypersensitivity reactions
  • Irritable bowel syndrome

Questions

• 1 new Step 1 practice question
• 6 new Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 36 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy
  • Gynecomastia
  • Managing chronic conditions
  • Device-related infections
  • Portal vein thrombosis
  • Hepatic encephalopathy
  • Hepatorenal syndrome
• Revised articles
  • Urinary tract cancer
  • Chickenpox
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Parkinson disease
  • Ascites
  • Ischemic stroke
  • Abdominal aortic aneurysm
  • Hyponatremia
  • Uterine leiomyoma
  • Dental disorders
  • Coronary artery disease
  • Acute coronary syndrome
  • Respiratory failure and arrest
  • Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • Osteoarthritis of the hip and knee
  • Alopecia
  • Sickle cell disease
  • Cirrhosis

Questions

• 10 New Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 50 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Malignant otitis externa
  • Introduction to geriatrics
• Revised articles
  • Urinary tract obstruction
  • Carpal tunnel syndrome
  • Principles of medical law and ethics
  • Monkeypox
  • Dyspnea
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Hepatitis C
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Sinusitis
  • Interstitial lung diseases
  • Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  • Hypothermia and frostbite
  • Raynaud phenomenon
  • Otitis externa
  • Hypertensive crises
  • Schizophrenia
  • Urinary incontinence
  • Hemochromatosis
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Sinus node dysfunction
  • Peptic ulcer disease

Questions

• 7 New Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 11 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Cholecystectomy
  • Migrant and refugee health
  • Blistering skin diseases
  • Opioid withdrawal
  • Care of the critically ill patient
  • Bruxism
  • USMLE® Content Outline
  • Family planning and emergency contraception
• Revised articles
  • Multiple myeloma
  • Delirium
  • Aortic regurgitation
  • Airway management
  • Hypertensive pregnancy diseases
  • Maternal complications in pregnancy
  • Bronchiolitis
  • Primary sclerosing cholangitis
  • Major neurocognitive disorder
  • Alzheimer disease
  • Norovirus
  • Radial head subluxation
  • Polyneuropathy
  • Intracerebral hemorrhage
  • Pneumonia
  • Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
  • Supraventricular tachycardia
  • Osteoporosis
  • Myocarditis

Questions

• 8 New Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 2 Step 2 CK question

Articles

• New articles
  • Monkeypox
  • Constipation in children and adolescents
  • Altered mental status and coma
  • Mindfulness and healthy living
  • Encephalitis
  • Induced abortion
• Revised articles
  • Rhabdomyolysis and crush syndrome
  • Intestinal ischemia
  • Neoplastic meningitis
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Polycythemia vera
  • Renal replacement therapy
  • Perinephric abscess
  • Chronic venous disease
  • Constipation
  • Hypothermia and frostbite
  • Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
  • Cushing syndrome
  • Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
  • Cluster headache
  • Anemia
  • Tick-borne disease
  • Hemorrhoids
  • Colonic polyps

Questions

• 2 New Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 6 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Principles of cancer care
  • Cancer of unknown primary
  • Alcoholic hepatitis
  • Approach to psychosis
  • Common cold
  • Chronic fatigue syndrome
  • Ischemic hepatitis
  • Talus fracture
• Revised articles
  • Sepsis
  • Tubulointerstitial diseases
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Gastric cancer
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease
  • Atherosclerosis
  • Colorectal cancer
  • Chest pain
  • COVID-19
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • Inguinal hernias

Questions

• 4 New Step 2 practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Allergic rhinitis
  • Neglected tropical diseases
• Revised articles
  • Infective endocarditis
  • Degenerative disk disease
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Tension-type headache
  • Ulcerative colitis
  • Cranial nerve palsies
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma
  • Acid-base disorders

Questions

• 8 New Step 2 practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Bacteremia
  • Population health
  • Interpreting medical evidence
  • Vertigo
  • Preoperative management
  • Postoperative management
• Revised articles
  • Hospital-acquired infections
  • Pleural effusions
  • Urinary tract infections
  • Nephrolithiasis
  • Renal cell carcinoma
  • Cataract
  • Pyelonephritis
  • Abdominal hernias
  • Seizures and epilepsy
  • Headache
  • Migraine
  • Rhabdomyolysis and crush syndrome
  • Chronic pancreatitis
  • Tuberculosis
  • Osteomyelitis

Questions

• 2 New Step 2 practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Sigmoid volvulus and cecal volvulus
  • Drowning
  • Military medicine
  • Principles of nutrition
• Revised articles
  • Pericarditis
  • Mallory-Weiss syndrome
  • Influenza
  • Cholelithiasis
  • Lung cancer
  • Acute heart failure
  • Diarrhea
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Epidemiology
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Reactive arthritis
  • Hemorrhoids
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Wound treatment

Questions

• 4 New Step 1 practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms
  • Head and neck carcinomas
  • Allergic contact dermatitis
  • Restrictive cardiomyopathy
  • Fistulas
  • Hemoptysis
  • Work-related conditions
• Revised articles
  • Narcolepsy
  • Somatic symptom and related disorders
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Acute abdomen
  • Pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale
  • Hypercoagulable states
  • Infectious gastroenteritis
  • Decubitus ulcers

Questions

• 1 New Step 1 practice question
• 18 new Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 2 Step 1 and 2 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Cardiac implantable electronic devices
  • Periprocedural management of oral anticoagulant therapy
  • Unexpected weight changes
  • Grief and end-of-life counseling
  • Dental disorders
  • Sexuality and sexual medicine
• Revised articles
  • Acute tonsillitis and pharyngitis
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Skin and soft tissue infections
  • Neutropenic fever
  • Jaundice and cholestasis
  • Hypokalemia
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Trigeminal neuralgia
  • Pain management
  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage
  • Hypertension
  • Choledocholithiasis
  • Epiglottitis
  • Acute otitis media
  • Acute respiratory distress syndrome
  • Syncope
  • Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

Questions

• 1 New Step 1 practice question
• 9 new Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 7 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Pharynx
  • Fecal incontinence
• Revised articles
  • Peripheral arterial disease
  • Human immunodeficiency virus
  • Epididymitis
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Ventricular tachycardia
  • Degenerative disk disease
  • Myeloproliferative neoplasms
  • Carotid artery stenosis

Questions

• 3 New Step 1 practice questions
• 44 new Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 2 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Fever of unknown origin
  • Acute liver failure
  • Dysphagia
  • Gas toxicity
  • The somatosensory system
  • General metabolism
  • Skeletal dysplasia
• Revised articles
  • Crohn disease
  • Obesity and metabolic syndrome
  • Transfusion
  • Prostate cancer
  • Antipsychotics
  • Sleep and sleep disorders
  • Acute kidney injury
  • Spinal stenosis
  • Aortic dissection

Questions

• 39 new Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 8 Step 2 CK questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Intravascular catheter-related blood stream infection
  • Rehabilitation
  • Point-of-care ultrasound
  • Hydrocarbon toxicity
  • Diverticulosis
  • Diverticulitis
  • Bacillary angiomatosis
  • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
  • Kaposi sarcoma
  • Mycobacterium avium complex infection
• Revised articles
  • Pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade
  • Thoracic aortic aneurysm
  • Hospital-acquired infections
  • Testicular torsion
  • Pneumocystis pneumonia
  • Cough
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Acute appendicitis
  • Lipid disorders
  • Acute cholecystitis
  • Septic arthritis
  • Acute cholangitis
  • Deep vein thrombosis
  • Infection prevention and control
  • HIV-associated conditions

Questions

• 66 new Step 2 CK practice questions
• Revised 1 Step 2CK Question

Articles

• New articles
  • Spinal infections
  • Basic calcium phosphate crystal deposition diseases
  • Transfusion reactions
  • Noninfectious conjunctival conditions
  • General parasitology
  • Lung diseases caused by organic dust
  • Respiratory failure
  • Diseases caused by chlorinated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
• Revised articles
  • Primary hyperaldosteronism
  • Hemostasis and bleeding disorders
  • Clostridioides difficile infection
  • Cystic fibrosis
  • Ectopic pregnancy
  • Shingles
  • Bowel obstruction
  • Diverticular disease
  • Sexual assault

Questions

• 33 new step 2CK practice questions
• 5 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Esophagitis
  • Dyspepsia
  • Female sex hormones
  • Androgens
  • Differential diagnoses of vaginal bleeding
  • Lung abscess
  • Drug overview
  • Zoonotic diseases
  • Infectious rashes in childhood
  • Overview of psychiatric emergencies
• Revised articles
  • Ankylosing spondylitis
  • Urinary tract infections
  • Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Hemolytic anemia
  • Dehydration and hypovolemia
  • Pneumothorax
  • Gastrointestinal perforation
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome
  • Overview of palliative medicine
  • Abdominal aortic aneurysm

Questions

• 87 new step 2CK practice questions
• 9 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Procedural sedation and analgesia
  • Acute back pain
  • Examination of the eye
  • Thyroid disorders
• Revised articles
  • Bronchiectasis
  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia
  • Chronic myeloid leukemia
  • Acute rheumatic fever
  • Acute leukemia
  • Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Mitral valve stenosis
  • Acute asthma exacerbation
  • Ascites
  • Hepatitis A

Multimedia

• Animation of immune response to viruses (General virology, AMBOSS animations)

Questions

• 33 new step 2CK practice questions
• 29 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Approach to the agitated or violent patient
  • Paralytic ileus
  • Neurophysiological diagnostics
  • Approach to the poisoned patient
  • Death (merged with previous article “Postmortem skin changes”)
  • Occupational skin diseases
  • Skull fractures
• Revised articles
  • Glucocorticoids
  • Ischemic stroke
  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage
  • Atherosclerosis (specifically, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease)
  • Intracerebral hemorrhage
  • Obstructive sleep apnea
  • Airway management
  • Bowel obstruction
  • Coronary artery disease
  • Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  • Shock
  • Quality and safety

Multimedia

• Animation of absent vestibuloocular reflex (Elevated ICP and brain herniation)
• Animation of upbeat torsional nystagmus towards the right (Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo)
• Animation of upbeat torsional nystagmus towards the left (Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo)
• Animation of downbeat torsional nystagmus towards the right (Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo)
• Animation of downbeat torsional nystagmus towards the left (Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo)
• Animation of upbeat nystagmus (Neurological examination)
• Animation of downbeat nystagmus (Neurological examination)
• Animation of pendular nystagmus (Neurological examination)
• Animation of right-sided abducens nerve palsy (Cranial nerve palsies)
• Animation of right-sided oculomotor nerve palsy (Cranial nerve palsies)
• Animation of right-sided trochlear nerve palsy (Cranial nerve palsies)
• Animation of internuclear ophthalmoplegia (Ocular motility disorders and strabismus)
• Animation on vertical gaze palsy (Rare neurological disorders)
• Animation of horizontal gaze palsy
• Animation on one and half syndrome
• Animation on dissociated nystagmus
• Animation on saccadic pursuit
• Animation on dysmetric voluntary saccades

Questions

• 20 new step 2CK practice questions
• 13 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Hypercalcemia
  • Toxic shock syndrome
  • Plasmapheresis
  • Transition to residency - Logistics of US health care and hospitals
  • Transition to residency - Daily life of the intern
  • Transition to residency - Communication during residency
  • Transition to residency - Navigating stressful situations in residency
  • Transition to residency - Life outside of the hospital
  • Principles of transgender healthcare
  • Fitness to fly and inflight medical events
  • ABCDE approach
  • Alcohol withdrawal
  • Neurovasculature of the upper extremities
  • Neurovasculature of the lower extremities
  • Lichen sclerosus
• Revised articles
  • Elevated intracranial pressure and brain herniation
  • Principles of medical law and ethics
  • Health care systems
  • Counseling patients
  • Quality and safety
  • General osteopathic principles
  • Pyogenic liver abscess
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Pituitary adenoma
  • Psychotherapy and defense mechanisms

Multimedia

• Animation of normal vestibuloocular reflex (Vestibular neuritis)
• Animation of impaired vestibuloocular reflex (Vestibular neuritis)
• Animation of skew deviation (Vestibular neuritis)
• Animation of gaze-evoked nystagmus (Vestibular neuritis)
• Animation of spontaneous nystagmus (Vestibular neuritis)

Questions

• 89 new step 2CK practice questions
• 21 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
  • Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease
  • Gastritis
  • Femoral neck abnormalities
  • Metacarpal fracture
• Revised articles
  • Colorectal cancer
  • Colonic polyps
  • Hypopituitarism
  • Sinusitis
  • Atopic dermatitis
  • Asthma
  • Cervical cancer
  • Aortic regurgitation
  • Patient communication and counseling
  • Health care systems
  • Pelvis and hip joint
  • Diencephalon and brainstem

Questions

• 33 new step 2CK practice questions
• 7 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Acute asthma exacerbation
  • Immune thrombocytopenia
  • Miscellaneous mosquito-borne diseases
  • Abnormalities of eyelid position
  • Hematuria
• Revised articles
  • Atrioventricular block
  • Spondylolisthesis
  • Porphyrias
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Renal artery stenosis
  • Thyroid nodules
  • Iron deficiency anemia
  • Wound treatment
  • Thalassemia
  • Intravenous fluid therapy
  • Ventricular tachycardia
  • Gastrointestinal bleeding
  • Differences (disorders) of sex development
  • Neurological examination
  • Abdominal cavity
  • Muscle tissue
  • Glycogen metabolism
  • Bacteria overview
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Carbohydrates
  • Forearm, wrist, and hand

Multimedia

• Animation of prokaryotic gene regulation: lac operon (Gene expression and transcription)

Questions

• 25 new step 2CK practice questions
• 8 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Decubitus ulcers
  • Peripartum cardiomyopathy
  • Tongue findings
  • Perinatal asphyxia and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
• Revised articles
  • Adrenal insufficiency
  • Foreign body aspiration
  • Acute bronchitis
  • Delirium
  • Vestibular neuritis
  • Epidural hematoma
  • Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  • Thyroid cancer
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Tuberculosis
  • Environmental pathology
  • Cardiovascular examination
  • Insulin
  • Giant cell arteritis
  • Antifungals
  • Adrenal gland
  • Basics of human genetics

Questions

• 55 new step 2CK practice questions
• 36 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Mild traumatic brain injury
• Revised articles
  • The menstrual cycle and menstrual cycle abnormalities
  • Giant cell arteritis
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Infective endocarditis
  • Supraventricular tachycardia
  • Gout and hyperuricemia
  • Neural tube defects
  • The placenta, umbilical cord and amniotic sac
  • Ovarian tumors
  • Rhinitis
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Cyanotic congenital heart defects
  • Lung cancer
  • General endocrinology
  • Traumatic brain injury

Questions

• 25 new step 2CK practice questions
• 32 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Acute coronary syndrome
  • Hypernatremia
• Revised articles
  • Subdural hemorrhage
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease
  • Herpes simplex encephalitis
  • Peptic ulcer disease
  • Preventive medicine
  • Puberty
  • Cirrhosis
  • Pregnancy
  • Atrophic gastritis
  • Skin and soft tissue infections
  • Celiac disease
  • Inguinal hernia
  • Atrial fibrillation
  • Acute tonsillitis and pharyngitis
  • Kidneys
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Polycystic kidney disease
  • Epidemiology
  • Eye and orbit
  • Shoulder, axilla, and brachial plexus

Multimedia

• Fact sheet of HIV including mortality map (Human immunodeficiency virus)
• Fact sheet of HIV including incidence map (Human immunodeficiency virus)
• Illustration depicting mechanism of action of medications used in micturition problems (Urinary incontinence)
• Image depicting hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• Image depicting subcutaneous nodules in rheumatic fever (Rheumatic fever)
• Radiograph depicting apple core sign (Colorectal cancer)
• Photomicrograph depicting babesia (Zoonotic diseases)
• Image depicting a scalp after vacuum extractor delivery (Childbirth)
• Photograph depicting ischemic ulcers (Peripheral arterial disease)
• Photograph depicting leonine facies in leprosy

Questions

• 17 new step 2CK practice questions
• 51 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Oncologic emergencies
  • Acute heart failure
• Revised articles
  • Hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis
  • Deep vein thrombosis
  • Sepsis
  • Cerebral venous thrombosis
  • Aortic valve stenosis
  • General virology
  • Hepatitis C
  • Nephritic syndrome
  • Coronary artery disease

Multimedia

• Illustration depicting Oxygen dissociation curve for carbon monoxide poisoning (Carbon monoxide toxicity)
• Illustration depicting hemodialysis cannulation
• Illustration depicting femoral neck fracture mechanisms (Hip fractures)
• Illustration depicting vessels commonly used in coronary artery bypass grafting (Coronary artery bypass grafting)
• Illustration depicting coronary angiography of right coronary artery (Cardiac catheterization)
• Illustration depicting coronary angiography of left coronary artery (Cardiac catheterization)
• Illustration depicting overview of peripheral artery bypass surgery procedures (Peripheral arterial disease)
• Illustration depicting overview of somatic- and autonomic motor pathways and neurotransmitters (Autonomic nervous system)
• Illustration depicting innervation of the auricle (The ear)

Questions

• 27 new step 2CK practice questions
• 40 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Protein-energy malnutrition
  • Oxygen therapy
  • Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD)
  • Hypocalcemia
  • Hypokalemia
  • Secondary brain injury and neuroprotective measures
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • Transient ischemic attack
• Revised articles
  • Medication overuse headache
  • Acute otitis media
  • Urinary tract infections
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and Marfan syndrome
  • Crohn disease

Multimedia added

• Photograph of scalp after vacuum extractor delivery (Childbirth)
• Fact sheet depicting tick-borne encephalitis (General virology)
• Symptom card depicting lyme disease (Lyme disease)
• Photograph of cirrhotic liver with HCC (Cirrhosis, Hepatocellular carcinoma)
• Photograph of nodule in bacillary angiomatosis (Collection of dermatological disorders)
• Illustration depicting the pathophysiology for different types of gallstones (Cholelithiasis)

Questions

• 33 new step 2CK practice questions
• 45 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• Revised articles
  • Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
  • Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
  • Meniere disease
  • Nephrotic syndrome
  • Physiology of the kidney
  • Gout and hyperuricemia
  • Postpartum hemorrhage
  • Overview of antibiotic therapy
  • DNA replication and repair
  • Gestational trophoblastic disease
  • Spinal cord tracts and reflexes
  • Hemolytic anemia
  • Meningitis

Multimedia added

• Photomicrograph of toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites (Toxoplasmosis)
• Ultrasound of acute pyelonephritis (Pyelonephritis)
• Illustration depicting anterior view of innervation of the upper limb (Upper arm and elbow)(Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting one handed square knot middle finger throw (Surgery clerkship)
• Illustration depicting one handed square knot index finger throw (Surgery clerkship)
• Photograph depicting endoscopy of angiodysplasia (Gastrointestinal bleeding)
• Photomicrograph depicting hexagonal cystine crystals (Inborn errors of metabolism)
• Illustration depicting the PDSA cycle (Quality and safety)
• Photograph of gross specimen of complete molar pregnancy (Gestational trophoblastic disease)
• Photograph of Paget disease of the vulvar (Vulvar and vaginal cancer)
• Ultrasound of Varicocele (Scrotal abnormalities)
• Photograph of hands affected by alkaptonuria (Inborn errors of metabolism)
• Photomicrograh of lymphocytic infiltration of salivary gland (Sjogren syndrome)
• Photograph of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (Vulvar and vaginal cancer)
• Illustration depicting stress fractures of the metatarsals (Collection of orthopedic conditions)
• Illustration depicting etiology of portal hypertension (Portal hypertension)
• Illustration depicting pathophysiology of homocystinuria (Inborn errors of metabolism)
• Illustration depicting acute wound management (Wound treatment)
• Illustration depicting overview of cranial nerve functions (Cranial nerve palsies)
• Illustration depicting spermatocele (Testicular tumors)
• Illustration depicting varicocele (Scrotal abnormalities, Testicular tumors)
• Illustration depicting hydrocele (Scrotal abnormalities, Testicular tumors)
• Illustration depicting overview of embryogenesis and fetogenesis (Pregnancy)
• Illustration depicting congenital adrenal hyperplasia on steroid pathway and affecting drugs (Congenital adrenal hyperplasia)
• Photomicrograph of anaplasmosis (Lyme disease)
• Photograph of hand affected by amniotic band syndrome (Embryogenesis)
• Photograph of intradermal nevus (Benign skin lesions)
• Photograph of junctional nevus (Benign skin lesions)
• Photograph of herpes genitalis in female genitals (Herpes simplex virus infections)
• Photograph of patient with scleroderma (Systemic sclerosis)
• Photograph of microstomia in systemic sclerosis (Systemic sclerosis)
• Angiography image of aortic arch in Takayasu arteritis (Vasculitides)
• Symptom card depicting metabolic syndrome (Metabolic syndrome)
• Symptom card depicting DiGeorge syndrome (22q11.2 deletion syndrome) (Congenital immunodeficiency disorders)
• Illustration depicting water balance (Physiology of the kidney)
• Illustration depicting calcaneus (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting muscles of facial expression (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Illustration depicting muscles of the sole of the foot (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting Tanner stages (Puberty)
• Illustration depicting body mass and water composition by age and sex (Physiology of the kidney)
• Photomicrograph of rheumatoid nodule (Rheumatoid arthritis)
• Illustration depicting bradykinin-mediated angioedema (Angioedema)
• Illustration depicting venovenous ECMO (Acute respiratory distress syndrome)
• Photomicrograph of membranous nephropathy (Nephrotic syndrome)
• Illustration depicting cupulolithiasis and canalithiasis in BPPV (Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo)
• Illustration depicting surgical cricothyrotomy with 'stab, twist, bougie, tube' technique (Airway management)
• Illustration depicting instruments and preparation for surgical cricothyrotomy with 'stab, twist, bougie, tube' technique (Airway management)
• Illustration depicting surgical cricothyrotomy with bougie aided technique (Airway management)
• Illustration depicting instruments and preparation for surgical cricothyrotomy with bougie aided technique (Airway management)
• Illustration depicting laryngeal tube airway insertion (Airway management)

Questions

• 47 new step 1 and step 2CK practice questions
• 26 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Acute cholangitis
  • Acute cholecystitis
  • Choledocholithiasis
  • Hypomagnesemia
  • Benign tumors of the endometrium
  • Oral cavity
• Revised articles
  • Cholelithiasis
  • Thoracic aortic aneurysm
  • Diverticular disease
  • Neurocutaneous syndromes
  • Cardiomyopathy
  • Aspergillosis
  • Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine
  • Rheumatic fever
  • Malaria

Multimedia added

• X-ray showing anterior shoulder dislocation (Shoulder dislocation)
• Illustration depicting axonotmesis (Peripheral nerve injuries)
• Illustration depicting arterial blood supply of brain (Cerebrovascular system)
• Osmosis video on endometritis (Postpartum period)
• Illustration depicting involution of the uterus (Postpartum period)
• Illustration depicting anterior shoulder dislocation skeletal anatomy (Shoulder dislocation)
• Illustration depicting anterior shoulder dislocation surface anatomy (Shoulder dislocation)
• Illustration depicting elbow carrying angle (Upper arm and elbow)
• Illustration depicting fertilization (Pregnancy)
• Illustration depicting afferent and efferent vestibular pathways (The ear)
• Illustration depicting overview of viral hepatitis (Hepatitis B)
• Illustration depicting stoma complications (Bowel surgery)
• 2 illustrations depicting deep (intrinsic) muscles of the back (Back muscles)
• Illustration depicting symptoms of viral hemorrhagic fevers (Viral hemorrhagic fevers)
• Illustration depicting alcohol withdrawal symptoms timeline (Alcohol-related disorders)
• Illustration depicting aortic dissection (Aortic dissection)
• Osmosis video on cervical cancer (Cervical cancer)
• Osmosis video on endometrial cancer (Endometrial cancer)
• Osmosis video on endometriosis (Endometriosis)
• Osmosis video on Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Gonorrhea)
• Illustration depicting parasympathetic innervation to the head and neck (Autonomic nervous system)
• Illustration depicting lymph nodes of the head and neck (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Photograph of a Tsetse fly (African trypanosomiasis)
• Illustration depicting subendocardial and transmural myocardial infarction (Acute coronary syndrome)
• Electron microscopy showing Rabies virus (Rabies)
• Photomicrograph depicting Entamoeba histolytica cyst (Amebiasis)
• Illustration depicting comparison of PBC/PSC/Autoimmune hepatitis (Primary biliary cholangitis, Primary sclerosing cholangitis, Autoimmune hepatitis)
• Illustration depicting abdominoperineal resection (Colorectal cancer)

Questions

• 17 new step 1 practice questions
• 57 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Carbon monoxide toxicity
  • Acute chest syndrome
  • Clerkship guide
  • Residency applications
  • Medical history
  • Surgery clerkship
  • Neurology clerkship
  • Obstetrics and gynecology clerkship
  • Family medicine clerkship
  • Psychiatry clerkship
  • Pediatrics clerkship
  • Internal medicine clerkship
  • Medical history
  • Mental status examination
  • Physical examination
  • Pediatrics: history and physical examination
  • OB/GYN: history and physical examination
  • Radiology topics
    • Radiography
    • Computed tomography
    • Magnetic resonance imaging
    • Ultrasound
    • Radiation therapy
  • AMBOSS fact sheets
• Revised articles
  • Glaucoma
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Ectopic pregnancy
  • Meningitis
  • Insulin
  • Shingles
  • Principles of dermatology
  • COVID-19 (Versão em português)

Multimedia added

• Chalk talk episodes on Energy Metabolism - Part 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9 (Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis)
• Chalk talk episodes on Energy Metabolism - Part 5, 6, 7 (Mitochondria)
• Chalk talk episode on Energy Metabolism - Part 7 (Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation)
• Chalk talk episodes on Energy Metabolism - Part 4, 5, 6 (Fatty acid metabolism)
• Chalk talk episodes on Energy Metabolism - Part 5, 8 (Mitochondrial myopathies, Disorders of fatty acid metabolism)
• Illustration depicting sigmoid colectomy in diverticulitis (Diverticular disease)
• Illustration depicting hip joint (Pelvis and hip joint)
• Illustration depicting low anterior resection (Colorectal cancer)
• Illustration depicting high anterior resection (Colorectal cancer)
• Illustration depicting sigmoid colectomy in colon cancer (Colorectal cancer)
• Illustration depicting extended left hemicolectomy (Colorectal cancer)
• Illustration depicting left hemicolectomy (Colorectal cancer)
• Illustration depicting extended right hemicolectomy (Colorectal cancer)
• Illustration depicting right hemicolectomy (Colorectal cancer)
• Illustration depicting surgical techniques in colorectal cancer (Colorectal cancer)
• Illustration depicting distal radius fracture reduction using finger trap (Distal radius fractures)
• Illustration depicting ascitic fluids (Ascites)
• Immunization schedule
• Photomicrograph depicting a neutrophilic granulocyte (Basics of hematology)
• Photomicrograph depicting an eosinophilic granulocyte (Basics of hematology)
• Photomicrograph depicting a basophilic granulocyte (Basics of hematology)
• Photomicrograph depicting a megakaryocyte (Basics of hematology)
• Photomicrograph depicting a lymphocyte (Basics of hematology)
• Photomicrograph depicting pulmonary macrophages (Basics of hematology)
• Photomicrograph depicting erythrocytes and thrombocytes (Basics of hematology)
• ECG of third-degree atrioventricular block
• Photomicrograph of ovarian mucinous cystadenoma (Ovarian tumors)

Questions

• 47 new step 1 and step 2CK practice questions
• 79 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
  • Hypophosphatemia
  • Esophageal hypermotility disorders
  • Psoas abscess
  • Mechanical ventilation
  • Anatomy illustration quizzes
  • Respiratory physiology
• Revised articles
  • Aortic dissection
  • Testicular torsion
  • Acute respiratory distress syndrome
  • Ovarian cysts
  • Diverticular disease
  • Mitral regurgitation
  • Pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade
  • Migraine
  • Trigeminal neuralgia
  • Pleural effusion
  • Angioedema
  • Pneumothorax
  • Appendicitis
  • Pain management
  • Anemia
  • Epiglottitis

Multimedia added

• Illustration depicting pathophysiology of splenomegaly (Splenomegaly)
• Photo of leukemia cutis (Acute leukemia)
• Symptom cards depicting achondroplasia and osteogenesis imperfecta (brittle bone disease) (Short stature)
• Factsheet depicting myocardial infarction (Acute coronary syndrome)
• Illustration depicting antigenic shift and drift (Influenza)
• Microscopic image of immunofluorescence in poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (Nephritic syndrome)
• X-ray showing staghorn calculi (Nephrolithiasis)
• Photomicrograph of testis in Klinefelter syndrome (Disorders of sex development)
• Illustration depicting the pathophysiology of transudate versus exudate effusion (Pleural effusion)

Questions

• 31 new step 1 and step 2CK practice questions
• 80 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Anticoagulant reversal
  • Acromioclavicular joint injury
• Revised articles
  • Abdominal aortic aneurysm
  • Pyelonephritis
  • Pneumonia
  • Tension-type headache
  • Pericarditis
  • Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn
  • Hypercalcemia
  • Hypocalcemia

Multimedia added

• Lung auscultation video (pleural friction rub) in Pulmonary examination
• Lung auscultation video (muffled breath sounds) in Pulmonary examination
• Lung auscultation video (wheezes) in Pulmonary examination
• Lung auscultation video (rhonchi) in Pulmonary examination
• Lung auscultation video (stridor) in Pulmonary examination
• New flowchart on the management of neutropenic fever
• Illustration depicting Schober test (Ankylosing spondylitis)
• Illustration depicting child development milestones
• Illustration depicting the vestibular system (The ear)
• Illustration depicting the orientation of the semicircular canals (The ear)
• Illustration depicting the creatinine concentration curve (Diagnostic evaluation of the kidney and urinary tract)
• Illustration depicting the different etiologies of atelectasis
• Illustration depicting dashboard injury (Hip fractures)
• Illustration depicting the Coronavirus 3-D structure (COVID-19)
• Illustration depicting the Coronavirus structure (COVID-19)
• Illustration depicting the innervation of the female pelvis (Female reproductive organs)
• Photograph depicting toe gangrene (Thromboangiitis obliterans)
• Photomicrograph of follicular adenoma (Thyroid nodules)
• Photomicrograph depicting Pseudo-Pelger-Huet anomaly (Myelodysplastic syndromes)
• Photomicrograph depicting Trichinella spiralis in striated muscle tissue (Helminth infections)
• Photomicrograph depicting Neutrophils (Basics of hematology)
• Photomicrograph depicting tram-track appearance in MPGN (Nephritic syndrome)

Questions

• 43 new step 1 and step 2CK practice questions
• 102 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • COVID-19
  • Management of tachycardia
• Revised articles
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • Meningitis

Multimedia added

• Factsheet on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
• CT chest depicting pulmonary findings in COVID-19
• Illustration depicting hand hygiene with hand sanitizer (COVID-19)
• Graph depicting R0 in COVID-19
• Illustration depicting Sars-CoV-2 PPE - Putting on personal protection equipment (COVID-19)
• Illustration depicting Sars-CoV-2 PPE - Removing personal protection equipment(COVID-19)
• Illustration depicting techniques for nasopharyngeal swab (NP) and oropharyngeal swab (OP) for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
• Lung auscultation video (coarse crackles) in Pulmonary examination
• Lung auscultation video (fine crackles) in Pulmonary examination
• Lung auscultation video (physiological breathing) in Pulmonary examination
• Photograph depicting eye signs of leptospirosis (Leptospirosis)
• Photomicrograph of seminoma (Testicular tumors)
• Photograph of angle-closure glaucoma (Glaucoma)
• Photograph depicting endoscopy of herpes simplex esophagitis (Herpes simplex virus infections, Esophagitis)
• Photograph of renal oncocytoma (Renal cell carcinoma)
• X-ray showing vertebroplasty (Vertebral fractures)
• Photomicrograph of acute pyelonephritis (Pyelonephritis)
• Photomicrograph of Lines of Zahn (Pulmonary embolism)
• Photograph hemarthrosis of the knee (Hemophilia)
• Ultrasonography showing target sign (Intussusception)
• Photograph depicting Peyronie's disease (Priapism)
• Photograph of moon face (Cushing syndrome, Glucocorticoids)
• Photomicrograph of prominent rosettes in carcinoid syndrome (Carcinoid tumor)
• MRI of prepatellar bursitis (Collection of orthopedic conditions)
• Photomicrograph of choriocarcinoma (Gestational trophoblastic disease)
• Photomicrograph of Giardia lamblia (Giardiasis)
• MRI of globus pallidus lesions (Poisoning)

Questions

• 41 new step 1 practice questions
• 53 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Management of bradycardia
• Revised articles
  • Stomach
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Multimedia added

• Osmosis video on COVID-19 (General virology)
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of inotropic drugs (Calcium channel blockers)
• Illustration depicting the vestibular pathway (The ear)
• Photo of Bitot spot (Vitamins)
• Endoscopic view of esophageal varices (Portal hypertension)
• Illustration depicting the vestibular pathway (The ear)
• Illustration depicting peritoneal dialysis (Renal replacement therapy)
• Illustration depicting tumor lysis syndrome (Acute leukemia)
• Illustration depicting spinal cord lesions (Incomplete spinal cord syndromes)
• Illustration depicting changes in liver metabolism due to excessive alcohol consumption (Liver)
• Illustration depicting the development of the chorionic villi (The placenta, umbilical cord, and amniotic sac)
• Illustration depicting the development of the notochord (Embryogenesis)
• Illustration depicting craniocaudal folding of the embryo (Embryogenesis)
• Illustration depicting fractures of the pelvis (Pelvic fracture)
• Illustration depicting the cervical sympathetic trunk (Autonomic nervous system)
• Illustration depicting the muscles and ligaments of the pelvis (Pelvis and hip joint)
• Illustration depicting the ligaments of the pelvis (Pelvis and hip joint)
• Illustration depicting the effects of NSAIDs and ACEIs on renal filtration (Nonopioid analgesics)
• Illustration depicting the structure of lipoproteins (Lipids and fat metabolism)
• Illustration depicting the etiologies of acute kidney injury
• Illustration depicting Collins method for calculation of pneumothorax size (Pneumothorax)
• Illustration depicting the safe triangle (Pneumothorax)
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of inotropic drugs (Calcium channel blockers)
• Illustration depicting an overview of antibody functions (Adaptive immune system)
• Illustration depicting uniparental disomy (Basics of human genetics)
• Illustration depicting chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis (Prenatal care)
• Illustration depicting the safe triangle (Pneumothorax)
• Illustration depicting the sites of chest tube placement (Pneumothorax)
• Illustration depicting the chest tube drainage (Pneumothorax)
• Illustration depicting the one-bottle chest drainage system (Pneumothorax)
• Illustration depicting the two-bottle chest drainage system (Pneumothorax)
• Illustration depicting the three-bottle chest drainage system (Pneumothorax)
• Illustration depicting drain placement (Pneumothorax)
• Image depicting metastatic calcification (Cellular changes and adaptive responses)
• CT esophageal varices (Portal hypertension)
• MRI depicting extramedullary hematopoiesis (Anemia)
• Photomicrograph of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma)
• Image depicting Scheuermann kyphosis (Scheuermann juvenile kyphosis)
• Image depicting Epiglottitis (Epiglottitis)
• Photomicrograph of a duodenal biopsy specimen in Whipple's disease (Celiac disease)

Questions

• 36 new step 1 practice questions
• 44 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles
  • Back muscles
  • Anatomical terms
  • Joints
  • Ischemic stroke
  • Vascular physiology
  • Dyspnea
  • Salicylate toxicity
  • Viral hemorrhagic fevers
  • Hypertensive crises
  • Maternal complications during pregnancy
  • Gastrointestinal perforation
  • Nausea and vomiting
• Revised articles
  • Overview of the head and neck region
  • Cardiomyopathy
  • Hypertension
  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage
  • Intracerebral bleeding
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Acute kidney injury
  • Cardiac physiology
  • Overview of stroke
  • Chest pain
  • Antiemetics
  • Neutropenic fever
  • Esophageal perforation
  • Trauma- and stressor-related disorders
  • Short stature
  • Acute abdomen
  • Headache
  • Hypoglycemia

Multimedia added

• Factsheet on atopy (Hypersensitivity reactions)
• Illustration depicting the differentiation between Mallory-Weiss syndrome and Boerhaave syndrome (Esophageal perforation)
• Illustration depicting an overview of chemotherapeutic agents
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of chemotherapeutic agents
• Illustration depicting thyroid scintigraphy (Hyperthyroidism)
• Illustration depicting the etiology of acute coronary syndrome
• Illustration depicting the radiocapitellar line (Elbow dislocation)
• Illustration depicting the pattern of joint involvement and iridocyclitis in juvenile idiopathic rheumatoid arthritis
• Illustration depicting the placement of adhesive electrode pads for defibrillation or electrical cardioversion (Tachycardia)
• Illustration depicting the placement of paddles for defibrillation or electrical cardioversion (Tachycardia)

Questions

• 68 new step 1 practice questions
• 40 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles published
  • Anterior abdominal wall
  • Scleritis and episcleritis
  • Electrolyte repletion
  • Inpatient management of hyperglycemia
• Revised articles
  • Postpartum period
  • Beta blockers
  • Sympathomimetic drugs
  • Alcohol use disorder
  • Ménière disease
  • Clostridioides difficile infection
  • Antihistamines
  • Constipation
  • Hyperglycemic crises
  • Fever

Multimedia added

• Factsheet on polymyositis and dermatomyositis (Inflammatory myopathies)
• Factsheet on tuberculosis
• Factsheet on systemic lupus erythematosus
• Factsheet on tension headache
• Factsheet on systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
• Factsheet on rheumatoid arthritis
• Factsheet on chronic sarcoidosis
• Factsheet on hypothyroidism
• Factsheet on hypertensive crises (Hypertensive crises)
• Factsheet on hypertension
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of anticonvulsant drugs
• Illustration depicting the pathophysiology of intestinal malrotation (Volvulus and intestinal malrotation)
• Illustration depicting fat metabolism (Lipids and fat metabolism)
• Illustration depicting the pathophysiology of congestive heart failure
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of drugs used in heart failure (congestive heart failure)
• Illustration depicting the procoagulant-anticoagulant balance (Hemostasis and bleeding disorders)
• Illustration depicting the pathophysiology of hemochromatosis
• Illustration depicting an overview of peripheral neuropathy (Polyneuropathy)
• Illustration depicting the lumbricals and interossei (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the attachments of menisci and cruciate ligaments of the knee (Thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Illustration depicting the zones of arterial supply of the menisci of the knee (Thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Illustration depicting the nasal septum (Noses and sinuses)
• Illustration depicting the neuromusculature of the hard and soft palate (Oral cavity and teeth)
• Illustration depicting the cervical plexus (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Illustration depicting the neurovasculature of the head and neck (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Illustration depicting the arterial supply of the face and neck (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Illustration depicting the development of the yolk sac and amniotic cavity (Embryogenesis)
• Illustration depicting the derivatives of the ectoderm (Embryogenesis)
• Illustration depicting day 12 of embryogenesis: formation of the extraembryonic mesoderm (Embryogenesis)
• Illustration depicting craniocaudal and lateral folding (Embryogenesis)
• Illustration depicting the development of the umbilical cord (The placenta, umbilical cord, and amniotic sac)
• Illustration depicting the early stages of pregnancy - week 1 (Pregnancy)
• Illustration depicting the overview of the 1st week of pregnancy and embryogenesis (Pregnancy)
• Illustration depicting the main indications for coronary artery bypass grafting
• Illustration depicting arterial and venous grafts used in coronary artery bypass grafting

Questions

• 75 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Multimedia added

• Illustration depicting the etiopathogenesis if celiac disease
• Illustration depicting aqueous humor production (Eye and orbit)
• Illustration depicting the deep tendon reflexes (Neurological examination)
• Chalk talk episodes on Arthritis&Osteoarthritis (part 1–4) in rheumatoid arthritis
• Videos depicting occiput anterior/posterior positions (Mechanics of childbirth)
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of oral antidiabetic drugs
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of osteoporosis medication (osteoporosis)
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of glaucoma medication (Glaucoma)
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of asthma medication (asthma)
• Illustration depicting the pathophysiology of asthma
• Illustration depicting the etiopathogenesis of Hirschsprung disease
• Illustration depicting the regulation of gastric acid secretion (Stomach)
• Illustration depicting the electromechanical coupling in cardiac muscle (Muscle tissue)
• Illustration depicting the embryogenesis of the spinal cord, vertebral column, and the intervertebral disc (Embryogenesis)
• Illustration depicting the muscle compartments of the thigh (Thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Illustration depicting the types of volvulus (Volvulus and intestinal malrotation)
• Illustration depicting the regulation of iron metabolism (anemia)
• Photomicrographs of minimal change disease (Nephrotic syndrome)
• Electron micrograph of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (Nephrotic syndrome)

Questions

• 5 new step 1 practice questions
• 3 new step 2CK practice questions
• 62 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• Anxiety disorders
• Hypothyroidism
• Fibromyalgia
• Large intestine
• Sexuality and sexual medicine
• Lynch syndrome
• Narcolepsy
• Ovarian cysts
• Sedative-hypnotic drugs
• Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders

Multimedia added

• Illustration depicting an overview of the 2^nd week of embryogenesis
• Illustration depicting the development of the face and palate (Cleft lip and cleft palate)
• Illustration depicting day 8 of embryogenesis: formation of the amniotic cavity (Embryogenesis)
• Illustration depicting day 9 of embryogenesis: formation of the yolk sac (Embryogenesis)
• Illustration depicting day 13 of embryogenesis: formation of the chorionic cavity (Embryogenesis)
• Illustration depicting Boxer fracture (Distal radius fractures)
• Illustration depicting reverse Barton fracture (Distal radius fractures)
• Illustration depicting Barton fracture (Distal radius fractures)
• Illustration depicting chauffeur fracture (Distal radius fractures)
• Illustration depicting the overview of major metabolic pathways (Lipids and fat metabolism)
• Illustration depicting secondary hemostasis (Hemostasis and bleeding disorders)
• Illustration depicting the disorders of secondary hemostasis (Hemostasis and bleeding disorders)
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of antimycobacterial drugs (Overview of antibiotic therapy)
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of anticoagulants that prevent secondary hemostasis (Oral anticoagulants)
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of thrombolytics (Hemostasis and bleeding disorders)
• Illustration depicting cholesteatoma
• Illustration depicting the regulation of erythropoiesis (Basics of hematology; Kidneys)
• Illustration depicting the nasal meatuses and recesses (Nose and sinuses)
• Illustration depicting the neurovasculature of the inner ear (The ear)
• Audiogram of conductive hearing loss
• Audiogram of otosclerosis
• Illustration depicting spermatogenesis (Male reproductive organs)
• Illustration depicting the etiopathophysiology of open-angle glaucoma
• Illustration depicting the actions of the extensor compartment of the leg (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting autoantibodies in myasthenia gravis
• Factsheet on hyperthyroidism
• Factsheet on psoriatic arthritis (Psoriasis)
• Illustration depicting types of endocytosis (The cell)
• Illustration depicting receptor-mediated endocytosis (The cell)
• Two illustrations depicting trochlear nerve palsy (Cranial nerve palsies)
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action: Potassium-sparing diuretics
• Illustration depicting the Adenoma-carcinoma sequence (Colorectal cancer)
• Several new illustrations depicting the hypothalamic-pituitary-target organ axes and their regulation (General endocrinology)
• Illustration depicting pathophysiology of asthma
• Illustration depicting renal tubular physiology (Physiology of the kidney)
• Illustration depicting the muscles of the extensor compartment of the leg (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting the joint lines of the foot (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting the superficial and deep muscles of the gluteal region (Pelvis and hip joint)
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of respiratory chain inhibitors (Mitochondrial respiratory chain)
• Illustration depicting cystic fibrosis pathophysiology (Cystic fibrosis)
• Illustration depicting cystic fibrosis sweat test (Cystic fibrosis)
• Illustration depicting endodermal development (Embryogenesis)
• Illustration depicting the stages of sleep in adults (Sleep and sleep disorders)
• Illustration depicting an overview of hypothalamic-pituitary-target organ axes (General endocrinology)
• Illustration depicting drugs acting on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (General endocrinology)
• Illustration depicting negative feedback (inhibition) of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis (General endocrinology)
• Illustration depicting the functional anatomy of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis (General endocrinology)
• Illustration depicting regulation of thyroid hormone synthesis (General endocrinology)
• Illustration depicting mechanism of action of drugs used in Parkinson disease (Medication for Parkinson disease)
• Illustration depicting mechanism of action of immunosuppressants
• Illustration depicting mechanism of action of nitrates and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors
• Illustration depicting internuclear ophthalmoplegia (Ocular motility disorders and strabismus)
• Illustration depicting Horner syndrome
• Photomicrograph of Pappenheimer bodies (Erythrocyte morphology and hemoglobin)

Questions

• 12 new step 1 practice questions
• 5 new step 2CK practice questions
• 34 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles published
• Revised articles
  • Skin and skin appendages
  • Peripheral nerve injuries
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Congenital TORCH infections
  • Benign breast conditions
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Autism spectrum disorder
  • Cerebellum
  • Delirium

Multimedia added

• Illustration depicting absorption and metabolism of dietary lipids (Lipids and fat metabolism)
• Illustration depicting the life cycle of Toxoplasma gondii (Toxoplasmosis)
• Illustration depicting clavicle fracture
• Illustration depicting the structure of a sperm (Male reproductive organs)
• Illustration depicting proximal and distal row of carpal bones (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting blood type O+ packed cell transfusion compatibility (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting blood type O- packed cell transfusion compatibility (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting blood type A+ packed cell transfusion compatibility (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting blood type A- packed cell transfusion compatibility (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting blood type B+ packed cell transfusion compatibility (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting blood type B- packed cell transfusion compatibility (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting blood type AB+ packed cell transfusion compatibility (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting blood type AB- packed cell transfusion compatibility (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting blood type AB plasma transfusion compatibility (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting blood type A plasma transfusion compatibility (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting blood type B plasma transfusion compatibility (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting blood type O plasma transfusion compatibility (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting lifecylce of Plasmodium falciparum (Malaria)
• Illustration depicting targets of antimalarial drugs (Malaria)
• Illustration depicting fact sheet of Sjogren syndrome
• Illustration depicting mechanism of action of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants (Skeletal muscle relaxants)
• Illustration depicting mechanism of action of depolarizing muscle relaxants (Skeletal muscle relaxants)
• Illustration depicting reducible, irreducible, and strangulated hernia (Abdominal hernias)
• Illustration depicting coronary arterial dominance (Heart)
• Illustration depicting fluid in the left costodiaphragmatic recess (Management of trauma patients)
• Illustration (update) of macule (Principles of dermatology)
• Illustration depicting cervical lymph node levels (Lymphatic system)

Questions

• 2 new step 1 practice questions
• 10 new step 2CK practice questions
• 16 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• Revised articles
  • Cellular changes and adaptive responses
  • Vasculitides
  • Polyneuropathy
  • Lysosomal storage diseases
  • Cystic fibrosis

Multimedia added

• Illustration depicting Stages of change model in overcoming addiction (Counseling patients)
• Illustration depicting drugs affecting primary hemostasis (Antiplatelet agents)
• Illustration depicting congenital disorders affecting primary hemostasis (Hemostasis and bleeding disorders)
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of action of gout drugs (Gout and hyperuricemia)
• Illustration depicting internuclear ophthalmoplegia (Ocular motility disorders and strabismus)
• Illustration depicting coronary blood supply (Heart)
• Illustration depicting injury of anterior & posterior urethra (Genitourinary trauma)
• Illustration depicting Edward syndrome
• Illustration depicting Down syndrome
• Illustration depicting Klinefelter syndrome (Disorders of sex development)
• Illustration depicting Turner syndrome (Disorders of sex development)
• Illustration depicting Marfan syndrome (Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and Marfan syndrome)
• Illustration depicting Leukocyte extravasation (Fever and inflammation)
• Illustration depicting respiratory (oxidative) burst (Innate immune system)
• Illustration depicting gastroprotective therapy (Gastrointestinal tract)
• Illustration depicting airway resistance and total airway diameter as functions of airway generations (Respiratory physiology)
• Illustration depicting energy metabolism in a muscle cell (Muscle tissue)
• Illustration depicting zero- and first-order elimination (Fundamentals of pharmacology)
• Illustration depicting renal tubular defects
• Illustration depicting amino acid derivatives (Amino acids)
• Illustration depicting horseshoe kidney (Congenital anomalies of the kidney)
• Illustration depicting myasthenia gravis
• lllustration depicting systemic sclerosis (fact sheet)
• llustration depicting polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis (fact sheet)
• Illustration depicting fibromyalgia (fact sheet)
• Illustration depicting ankylosing spondylitis (fact sheet)
• Illustration depicting vitamin B12 deficiency (fact sheet)
• Illustration depicting antiphospholipid syndrome (fact sheet)
• Illustrations depicting femoral canal and femoral triangle + adductor canal (Thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Illustration depicting various forms of brain herniation (Elevated intracranial pressure and brain herniation)
• Illustration depicting comparison of action of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and isoproterenol (Sympathomimetic drugs)
• Several new illustrations in Forearm, wrist, and hand
• Renewed illustration in Scaphoid fracture
• Heart sound videos (Cardiovascular examination)

Questions

• 4 new step 1 practice question
• 6 new step 2CK practice questions
• 8 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles published
• Revised articles
  • Collection of dermatological disorders
  • Constipation
  • Lipids and fat metabolism
  • Upper arm and elbow
  • Hydrocephalus

Multimedia added

• Multiple illustrations and examination video links to the osteopathic articles:
  • Pelvic and sacral osteopathy
  • Cervical osteopathy
  • Lower extremity osteopathy
  • Thoracic spine and rib osteopathy
  • Cranial osteopathy
  • Strain-counterstrain
  • Lymphatic techniques
  • Lumbar osteopathy
• Illustration depicting multiple angles of claw hand deformity (Ulnar nerve entrapment)
• Illustration depicting sorbitol pathway (Carbohydrates)
• X-ray showing rotator cuff tear (Soft tissue lesions of the shoulder)
• MRI showing rotator cuff tear (Soft tissue lesions of the shoulder)

Flowcharts added

• “Treatment of Parkinsons disease” added to the treatment section of Parkinson disease
• “Foreign body aspiration diagnostics & management” added to the diagnostics and treatment sections of Foreign body aspiration

Questions

• 13 new step 1 practice questions
• 22 new step 2CK practice questions
• 24 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles published:
  • Lumbar osteopathy
  • Lymphatic techniques (osteopathy)
  • General osteopathic principles
  • Lower extremity osteopathy
  • Strain-counterstrain (osteopathy)
  • Cervical osteopathy
  • Upper extremity osteopathy
  • Cranial osteopathy
  • Corneal disorders
• Revised articles
  • Bowel obstruction
  • IgA nephropathy
  • Antiviral agents
  • Ulcerative colitis
  • Vitamins
  • Acute coronary syndrome
  • Antidepressants (new table: Differential diagnosis of drug-induced hyperthermia)
  • Vertebral column
  • Airways and lungs
  • Pleural effusion
  • Congenital immunodeficiency disorders
  • Adaptive immune system
  • Eating disorder
  • Abdominal hernias

Multimedia added

• Illustration depicting targets and mechanism of action of different classes of antibiotics (Overview of antibiotic therapy)
• Illustration depicting cell walls of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (Bacteria overview)
• Illustration depicting classification of gram-negative bacteria (Bacteria overview)
• Illustration depicting classification of gram-positive bacteria (Bacteria overview)

Questions

• 9 new step 1 practice questions
• 65 new step 2CK practice questions
• 15 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles published:
  • Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
  • Lymphadenopathy
  • Blood vessels
  • Hip and pelvic osteopathy
  • Chapman reflex points (osteopathy)
• Revised articles:
  • Biliary cancer
  • Development of the reproductive system
  • Antidepressants
  • The leg, ankle, and foot
  • Lice infestation
  • Hypersensitivity reactions
  • Asthma
  • Benign breast conditions
  • Anemia
  • Male reproductive organs
  • Acute limb ischemia
  • Heart
  • Acute leukemia
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Aging changes
  • Giant cell arteritis
  • Acute tonsillitis

Multimedia added

• X-ray showing Looser zones (Osteomalacia and rickets)
• Illustration depicting mechanisms of actions of antidepressants
• Updated illustration depicting sexual differentiation (Development of the reproductive system)
• Illustration depicting neoplastic progression (General oncology)
• Photograph showing male pattern hair loss (androgenetic alopecia) (Aging changes)
• Illustration depicting presbyopia (Aging changes)
• MRI spine showing acute and chronic vertebral fractures (Aging changes)
• Illustration depicting compression fractures of the vertebra (Aging changes)
• Smartzoom photomicrograph of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Acute leukemia)
• Smartzoom photomicrograph of acute myeloblastic leukemia (Acute leukemia)
• Illustration depicting ketone metabolism (Lipids and fat metabolism)
• Illustration depicting CD8-mediated type IV hypersensitivity reaction (Hypersensitivity reactions)
• Illustration depicting CD4-mediated type IV hypersensitivity reaction (Hypersensitivity reactions)
• Illustration depicting type III hypersensitivity reaction (Hypersensitivity reactions)
• Illustration depicting type II hypersensitivity reaction (Hypersensitivity reactions)
• Illustration depicting type I hypersensitivity reaction (Hypersensitivity reactions)
• Illustration depicting the zones of the prostate gland (Male reproductive organs)
• Illustration depicting the various gastroproctective therapies (Proton pump inhibitors)
• Illustration depicting the important cytokines involved in hematopoiesis (Basics of hematology)
• Illustration depicting the actions of bacterial exotoxins and endotoxins (General bacteriology)
• Illustration depicting the cardinal symptoms of an acute myocardial infarction (Acute coronary syndrome)
• Illustration depicting the pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism
• Illustration depicting the clinical features of pulmonary embolism
• Illustration depicting the differential diagnoses of primary headaches (Headache)
• Illustration depicting cluster headache
• Illustration depicting migraine
• Illustration depicting fetal hematopoiesis (Prenatal and postnatal physiology)
• Illustration depicting the overview of renal tubular transport mechanisms (Physiology of the kidney)
• Illustration depicting the Mechanoelectrical transduction of sound waves by inner hair cells (The ear)
• Illustration depicting the Mechanoelectrical transduction of sound waves by hair cells (The ear)
• Illustration depicting the auditory pathways (The ear)
• Illustration depicting the complement system (Innate immune system)
• Illustration depicting the synthesis of heme (Erythrocyte morphology and hemoglobin)
• Illustration depicting the types of ocular hyperemia (red eye) (Conjunctivitis)
• Animation videos (Hypersensitivity reactions)

Questions

• 9 new step 1 practice questions
• 4 new step 2CK practice questions
• 11 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles published:
  • Small intestine
• Revised articles:
  • Female reproductive organs
  • Lithium
  • Iron deficiency anemia
  • Pancreas
  • Antipsychotics

Multimedia added

• Illustration depicting the left costodiaphragmatic recess (Thoracic cavity)
• Illustration depicting the right costodiaphragmatic recess (Thoracic cavity)
• Illustration depicting the seashore sign on lung ultrasound (Management of trauma patients)
• Ultrasonography showing B-lines (Pneumothorax)
• Illustration depicting B-lines on lung ultrasound (Management of trauma patients)
• Illustration depicting A-lines on lung ultrasound (Management of trauma patients)
• Illustration depicting the splenorenal pouch (Koller pouch) (Gastrointestinal tract)
• Illustration depicting free fluid in the rectouterine pouch of Douglas (transverse section) (Management of trauma patients)
• Illustration depicting free fluid in the rectouterine pouch of Douglas (sagittal section) (Management of trauma patients)
• Illustration depicting the rectouterine pouch of Douglas (transverse section) (Pelvis and hip joint)
• Illustration depicting the rectouterine pouch of Douglas (sagittal section) (Pelvis and hip joint)
• Illustration depicting fluid in the costodiaphragmatic recess (Thoracic cavity)
• Illustration depicting the ligaments and retinacula of the patella (Thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Illustration depicting complications of colonic diverticula (Diverticular disease)
• Illustration depicting the arterial supply of the nasal septum (Nose and sinuses, Epistaxis)
• Illustration depicting the sensory innervation of the nasal cavity and the palate (Nose and sinuses)
• Illustration depicting the major salivary glands (Diseases of the salivary glands)
• Illustration depicting the regions of proximal femur (Hip fractures)
• Illustration depicting free fluid in the hepatorenal space (Management of trauma patients)
• Illustration depicting the hepatorenal space (Gastrointestinal tract)
• Illustration depicting the Coombs test (Hemolytic anemia)
• Illustration depicting hemoglobin electrophoresis (Laboratory methods)
• Illustration depicting the hypothalamic-pituitray-gonadal axis (Male reproductive organs)
• Illustration depicting the veins of the neck (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Illustration depicting the jugular veins (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Illustration depicting the arterial supply of the cerebral cortex (Cerebrovascular system)
• Illustration depicting the muscles of the pharynx (Oral cavity and teeth)
• Illustration depicting the venous drainage of the brain (Cerebrovascular system)
• Illustration depicting the paranasal sinuses (Nose and sinuses)
• Illustration depicting the muscles of the palate and extrinsic muscles of the tongue (Oral cavity and teeth)
• Illustration depicting portocaval anastomoses (Portal hypertension)
• Illustration depicting a pulmonary embolism from a deep vein thrombosis
• Illustration depicting the layers of the heart
• Thoracic MRI (sagittal section) depicting myocarditis
• Thoracic MRI (axial section) depicting myocarditis
• Illustration depicting myocarditis
• Illustration depicting the autonomic innervation of the gastrointestinal tract
• Illustration depicting the umbilical folds (Prenatal and postnatal physiology)
• Illustration depicting the distal radioulnar joint (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the proximal radioulnar joint (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Photograph showing erythroderma (Psoriasis)
• Illustration depicting gene recombination (= V(D)J recombination) in adaptive immune system
• Illustration depicting the baroreceptor and chemoreceptor pathway (Cardiovascular physiology)
• 2 Illustrations depicting jugular venous pulse waveforms in common cardiac conditions (Cardiovascular examination)
• 2 Illustrations depicting the jugular venous pulse waveform (Cardiovascular examination)
• X-ray showing genu varum (Collection of orthopedic conditions)
• Photograph showing genu valgum (Collection of orthopedic conditions)
• Illustration depicting genu varum and genu valgum (Collection of orthopedic conditions)
• Illustration depicting the coagulation cascade (Hemostasis and bleeding disorders)
• Illustration depicting the coagulation cascade (secondary hemostasis) (Hemostasis and bleeding disorders)
• Illustration depicting anatomical planes and axes (General anatomy)
• Illustration depicting the veins of the upper extremity (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the dorsal extensor aponeurosis and attachments of hand muscles (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the sections of the pharynx (Pharyngeal cancer)
• Illustration depicting female reproductive organs
• Illustration depicting saddle anesthesia (Degenerative disc disease)
• Illustration depicting apoptosis vs. necrosis (Cellular changes and adaptive responses)
• Illustration depicting apoptosis (Cellular changes and adaptive responses)
• Illustration depicting the layers of the pelvic floor (Pelvis and hip joint)
• Illustration depicting supination and pronation (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting acute pericarditis
• Illustration depicting the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Illustration depicting testicular torsion and manual detorsion
• 2 photographs showing neovascularization of the iris (Diseases of the uvea)
• Illustration depicting neovascularization of the iris (Diseases of the uvea)
• Illustration depicting the pelvic fascia (female) (Pelvis and hip joint)
• Illustration depicting the pelvic fascia (male) (Pelvis and hip joint)
• Illustration depicting the muscular compartments of the forearm (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the superficial extensors of the forearm (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the deep extensors of the forearm (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the hypothenar muscles (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the forearm pronators and supinators (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting Parkinson disease fact sheet
• Illustration depicting the arterial supply of the lateral nasal wall (Nose and sinuses)
• Illustration depicting the anatomical snuff box (Scaphoid fracture)
• Illustration depicting the classification of aortic dissection
• Illustration depicting the gastric lymph nodes (Stomach)
• Illustration depicting the scalene triangle (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Illustration depicting the deep muscles of the neck (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Illustration depicting the sternocleidomastoid muscle and lesser supraventricular fossa (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Illustration depicting the sternocleidomastoid muscle (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Illustration depicting the coverings of the brain (The cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and meninges)
• Illustration depicting the umbilical folds (Prenatal and postnatal physiology)
• Illustration depicting the ulnar nerve (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the median nerve (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the radial nerve (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the subclavian artery and its branches (Overview of the head and neck region)
• Illustration depicting the arteries of the upper extremity (Forearm, wrist, and hand, Arm and elbow)
• Illustration depicting the arterial supply of the cerebral cortex, axial section (Cerebrovascular system)
• Illustration depicting the arterial supply of the cerebral cortex, sagittal section (Cerebrovascular system)
• Illustration depicting the arterial supply of the cerebral cortex (Cerebrovascular system)
• Illustration depicting the mechanism of peristalsis (Gastrointestinal tract)
• Illustration depicting mediastinal flutter (pneumothorax)
• Illustration depicting tension pneumothorax
• Illustration depicting the etiological classification of pneumothorax
• Illustration depicting open and closed pneumothorax
• Illustration depicting the types of pneumothorax
• Illustration depicting the superficial flexors of the forearm (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the deep flexors of the forearm (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the blood supply of the scaphoid (Scaphoid fracture)
• Illustration depicting muscles of mastication (Oral cavity and teeth)
• Illustration depicting the intrinsic muscles of the 5^th toe (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting the circuitry of the cerebellum
• Photograph showing thenar muscle atrophy (Median nerve neuropathy)
• Illustration depicting carpal tunnel syndrome
• Illustration depicting the thenar muscles (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting HIV replication and mechanism of action of antiretroviral drugs (Human immunodeficiency virus)
• Photomicrograph showing a psammoma body and meningiocytic whorl (Meningioma)
• Photograph showing a meningioma with psammoma bodies (Meningioma)
• 2 photomicrographs showing a meningioma
• Smart zoom image showing an aortic dissection
• Photomicrograph showing an aortic dissection
• Illustration depicting Congenital malformations of the anterior abdominal wall (Congenital visceral malformations)
• Photomicrograph showing Amyloid plaques in Alzheimer disease
• CT scan of the chest showing a nonocclusive pulmonary embolism
• CT scan of the chest showing an occlusive pulmonary embolism
• Photograph showing dilated cardiomyopathy
• Pelvic x-ray showing a bladder calculus (Nephrolithiasis)
• Illustration depicting the Saphenofemoral junction (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting the veins of the leg (dorsal aspect) (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting the veins of the leg (ventral aspect) (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration showing the tendons and chiasms of the deep flexors of the leg (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration showing the actions of the deep flexor muscles of the leg (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration showing the deep flexor group of muscles of the leg (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration showing the tendons of the main extensor muscles of the foot (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Photograph showing the bones of the foot (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Smart zoom image depicting the anatomical structures of the dorsum of the foot (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting the muscles of the foot (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting the anterior (extensor) retinacula of the foot (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting the tarsal tunnel (malleolar canal) with flexor retinaculum of foot (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting the plantar aponeurosis and the medial longitudinal arch of the foot (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Photomicrograph showing Red blood cell (RBC) casts in urine sediment (Diagnostic evaluation of the kidney and urinary tract)
• Illustration depicting the parts of the aorta and its branches (Gastrointestinal tract)
• Illustration depicting the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava (Gastrointestinal tract)
• Photomicrograph showing a mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon (Colorectal cancer)
• Photomicrograph showing a well-differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma (Colorectal cancer)
• Smart zoom photomicrograph showing colorectal adenocarcinoma (pT3) (Colorectal cancer)
• Smart zoom photomicrograph showing colorectal adenocarcinoma (pT2) (Colorectal cancer)
• Smart zoom photomicrograph showing colorectal adenocarcinoma (pT1) (Colorectal cancer)
• Illustration depicting the osteofascial compartments of the leg (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Two photomicrographs showing papillary renal cell carcinoma
• Intra-operative photograph showing the uterus and associated structures (Female reproductive organs)
• Illustration depicting wrist drop (Radial neuropathies)
• Illustration depicting the clinical features of radial nerve neuropathy (Radial neuropathies)
• Illustration depicting the clinical features of ulnar nerve neuropathy (Ulnar nerve entrapment)
• Illustration depicting the clinical features of chronic ulnar nerve neuropathy (Ulnar nerve entrapment)
• Illustration depicting the pinch sign (median nerve neuropathy)
• Illustration depicting the hand of benediction (median nerve neuropathy)
• Illustration depicting the clinical features of median nerve neuropathy

Questions

• 68 new step 1 practice questions
• 2 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• Revised articles:
  • Inborn errors of metabolism
  • Personality disorders

Multimedia added

• Photomicrograph of a well-differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma (Colorectal cancer)
• Photograph showing hypospadias (Bladder exstrophy, abnormalities of the male urethra, and webbed penis)
• Illustration depicting direct and indirect inguinal hernias
• Illustration depicting ventricular septation (Heart)
• Illustration depicting atrial septation (Heart)
• Scheme depicting the citric acid cycle
• Illustration depicting lipogenesis within an adipocyte (Adipose tissue)
• Illustration depicting the histological layers of the neocortex (The cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and meninges)
• Illustration depicting the circle of Willis (Cerebrovascular system)
• Illustration depicting the arterial supply of the brain (Cerebrovascular system)
• Illustration depicting indirect and direct inguinal hernias (Inguinal hernia)
• Illustration depicting the borders of the inguinal canal and contents of the spermatic cord (Inguinal hernia)
• Illustration depicting the lumbar plexus (Thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Illustration depicting the sacral plexus (Thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Illustration depicting the saphenofemoral junction (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting the Obturator canal and pudendal canal (Pelvis and hip joint)
• Illustration depicting the contents of the muscular lacuna and vascular lacuna (Pelvis and hip joint)
• Illustration depicting the boundaries of the muscular lacuna and vascular lacuna (Pelvis and hip joint)
• Illustration depicting the ligaments of the ankle and foot (lateral view) (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting the ligaments of the ankle and foot (medial view) (The leg, ankle, and foot)
• Illustration depicting ulnar nerve neuropathy (Ulnar nerve entrapment)
• Illustration depicting the ulnar nerve (Forearm, wrist, and hand)
• Illustration depicting the musculocutaneous nerve (Arm and elbow)
• Illustration depicting congenital diaphragmatic hernias
• Illustration depicting hallux valgus and hallux varus (Toe deformities)
• Illustration depicting retractile testis (Scrotal abnormalities)
• Illustration depicting ectopic testis (Scrotal abnormalities)
• Illustration depicting cryptorchidism (Scrotal abnormalities)
• Illustration depicting the innervation areas of the peripheral nerves (leg, ventral view) (Thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Illustration depicting the innervation areas of the peripheral nerves (leg, dorsal view) (Thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Illustration depicting the scalene triangle (Thoracic outlet syndrome)
• Illustration depicting the median nerve (Median nerve neuropathy)
• Illustration depicting median nerve neuropathy
• Illustration depicting the brachial plexus (Shoulder, axilla, and brachial plexus)
• Illustration depicting lumbar hernias (Abdominal hernias)
• Illustration depicting pelvic hernias (Abdominal hernias)
• Illustration depicting sciatic hernias (Abdominal hernias)
• Illustration depicting an epigastric hernia (Abdominal hernias)
• Illustration depicting an obturator hernia (Abdominal hernias)
• Illustration depicting a Spigelian hernia (Abdominal hernias)
• Illustration depicting an umbilical hernia (Abdominal hernias)
• Illustration depicting diastasis recti (Abdominal hernias)
• Illustration depicting components of an abdominal or inguinal hernia
• Illustration depicting sites of ectopic pregnancy
• Illustration depicting infective endocarditis
• ERCP showing an intrahepatic biliary stone (Cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, cholecystitis, and cholangitis)
• Ultrasonographic image showing acute cholecystitis (Cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, cholecystitis, and cholangitis)
• Ultrasonographic image showing acute cholecystitis and sludge (Cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, cholecystitis, and cholangitis)
• Ultrasonographic image showing cholecystitis and cholelithiasis (Cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, cholecystitis, and cholangitis)
• Fundoscopic image showing exudative age-related macular degeneration
• Abdominal CT scan showing polycystic kidney disease
• Photomicrograph showing Hashimoto thyroiditis
• Photograph showing erythema marginatum (Rheumatic fever)
• Illustration depicting the layers of the skin (Skin and skin appendages)
• Illustration depicting a subarachnoid hemorrhage (Stroke)
• Cranial CT scan showing Berry sneurysms (Stroke)
• Cranial CT scan (3D reconstruction) showing a cerebral aneurysm (Stroke)
• Illustration depicting basal ganglia hemorrhage (Stroke)
• Photograph and an ultrasonographic image showing Ebstein anomaly (Cyanotic congenital heart defects)
• Scheme depicting an overview of hematologic neoplasms (Basics of hematology)
• Photograph showing basal cell carcinoma
• Cranial MRI showing central pontine myelinolysis (Sodium disorders)
• Illustration depicting partial gastrectomy or Billroth II procedure (Peptic ulcer disease)
• Illustration depicting partial gastrectomy or Billroth I procedure (Peptic ulcer disease)
• Illustration depicting pancreaticoduodenectomy or Whipple procedure (Pancreatic and hepatic surgery)
• Photomicrograph showing plasma cells (Basics of hematology)
• 2 Photographs showing keloid scars (Benign skin lesions)
• Photograph showing Henoch-Schonlein purpura
• Cranial CT scan showing chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (Sinusitis)
• Cranial CT scan showing deviated nasal septum and concha bullosa (Miscellaneous ear, nose, and throat disorders)
• Cranial CT (coronal section) showing a deviated nasal septum (Miscellaneous ear, nose, and throat disorders)
• Cranial CT (axial section) showing a deviated nasal septum (Miscellaneous ear, nose, and throat disorders)
• Photograph showing Achilles tendon rupture
• Photomicrograph showing the microscopic anatomy of the heart
• Photograph of a stoma bag (Bowel surgery)
• Photomicrograph of Negri bodies in a neuron (Rabies)
• Intra-operative photogaph showing small bowel ischemia (Bowel obstruction)
• Cranial CT scan showing congenital toxoplasmosis (Congenital TORCH infections)
• Radionuclide bone scan of Paget disease of bone
• Photomicrograph showing the layers of the retina (eye and orbit)
• Photograph showing eruptive xanthomas (Lipid disorders)
• Photograph showing atherosclerosis of the aorta
• Photograph showing an incisional hernia (Abdominal hernias)
• Photograph showing xanthelasma (Primary biliary cholangitis)
• Photomicrograph showing reactive lymphocytes in infectious mononucleosis
• Scheme depicting the Rh blood group system (Transfusion)
• Scheme depicting the ABO blood group system (Transfusion)
• Illustration depicting the arteries of the lower extremity (Thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Photomicrograph showing the pleomorphic adenoma (Diseases of the salivary glands)
• Photomicrograph showing ganglion cells with Negri bodies (Rabies)
• Photograph showing adult Ascaris lumbricoides (General parasitology)
• Illustration depicting regular astigmatism (Eye and orbit)
• Scheme depicting the pupillary light reflex (Cranial nerve palsies)
• Illustration depicting the embryological development of the pancreas
• Illustration depicting the structure and biosynthesis of insulin (Pancreas)
• Photomicrograph showing the pancreatic acini and islets of Langerhans (Pancreas)
• Photomicrograph showing the parenchyma of the pancreas (Pancreas)
• Scheme depicting the methionine cycle (Inborn errors of metabolism)
• Scheme depicting the mechanism of pancreatic bicarbonate secretion (Pancreas)
• Photomicrograph of renal angiomyolipoma (Renal cell carcinoma)
• CT scan showing porcelain gall bladder (Cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, cholecystitis, and cholangitis)
• Illustration depicting cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, cholangitis, and biliary pancreatitis (Cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, cholecystitis, and cholangitis)
• Endoscopic image of esophageal varices (Cirrhosis)

Questions

• 60 new step 1 practice questions
• 8 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Articles

• New articles published:
  • Scheuermann juvenile kyphosis
  • Quality and safety
• Revised articles:
  • Cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, cholecystitis, and cholangitis

Multimedia added

• Illustration depicting plicae circulares (Small intestine)
• Illustration depicting the parts of the small intestine
• Illustration depicting gastric acid secretion (Stomach)
• Scheme illustrating the phases of gastric acid secretion (Stomach)
• Smartzoom of goblet cells in the small intestine
• Smartzoom of Paneth cells (Small intestine)
• Smartzoom of jejunum (Small intestine)
• Photomicrograph of jejunum (Small intestine)
• Photomicrograph of Peyer patches (Small intestine)
• Photomicrograph of intestinal villi (Small intestine)
• Photomicrograph of Brunner glands (Small intestine)
• Endoscopic image of Plicae circulares (Small intestine)
• X-ray showing Schmorl nodes in Scheuermann disease (Scheuermann juvenile kyphosis)
• X-ray showing lumbar Schuermann disease (Scheuermann juvenile kyphosis)
• X-ray showing Scheuermann disease (Scheuermann juvenile kyphosis)
• Illustration depicting the insulin secretion pathway (Pancreas)
• Illustration depicting the coronary veins (Heart)
• Photomicrograph of a sensory ganglion (The somatosensory system)
• Illustration showing the incidence of cancers in the U.S. (multiple articles, e.g., gastric cancer)

Questions

• 74 new step 1 practice questions
• 14 revised step 1 and step 2CK practice questions

Multimedia added

• Intraoperative photograph showing sarcoma botryoides (vulvar and vaginal cancer)
• Photomicrograph showing sarcoma botryoides (vulvar and vaginal cancer)
• Photomicrograph showing colonic mucosa (Large intestine)
• Photomicrograph showing the layers of the colonic wall (Large intestine)
• Photomicrograph showing toxic granulation (Fever and inflammation)
• Illustration showing the Papez circuit (Diencephalon and brainstem)
• Photograph showing extrapulmonary manifestations of sarcoidosis
• Photograph showing a malignant melanoma lesion
• Photograph showing staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome affecting the face
• Photograph showing staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome affecting the axilla
• Two photographs showing features of post-thrombotic syndrome (chronic venous disease)
• Photograph showing urticaria (hypersensitivity reactions)
• Photograph showing herpangina (acute tonsillitis)
• Photograph depicting oral leukoplakia (precancerous skin lesions)
• Photograph showing erythema nodosum
• Cranial MRI showing hydrocephalus ex vacuo (hydrocephalus)
• Electron microscopy showing the brush border of an enterocyte (gastrointestinal tract)
• 3 CT scans of the abdomen showing splenic laceration (blunt trauma; splenic rupture)
• Photomicrograph of an atheroma (atherosclerosis)
• 2 Skull x-rays depicting extramedullary hematopoiesis (anemia)
• Cranial CT scan showing cerebral venous thrombosis of the sagittal sinus
• Chest CT showing pulmonary metastases (lung cancer)
• Chest x-ray showing small cell lung cancer
• Photomicrograph showing acute promyelocytic leukemia (acute leukemia)
• X-ray showing clavicle fracture
• Chest x-ray showing pneumothorax
• Abdominal CT showing acute cholecystitis (cholelithiasis and cholecystitis)
• Intra-operative photograph showing mesenteric ischemia (intestinal ischemia)
• Photograph showing a furuncle (skin and soft tissue infections)
• Photograph showing uterine prolapse (pelvic organ prolapse)
• Photograph showing pilonidal cyst resection
• Cranial CT scan showing sinusitis
• 2 photographs showing the dissected superficial muscles of the back (shoulder, axilla, and brachial plexus)
• 2 illustrations depicting the innervation of the lower extremity (thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa; the leg, ankle, and foot)
• Photograph showing the gross appearance of an autopsied stomach
• Photomicrograph depicting the parietal cells and chief cells of stomach mucosa
• Photomicrograph depicting gastric mucosa (stomach)
• Barium meal showing duodenal stenosis (pancreas)
• Illustration showing an overview of the lipid metabolism and lipid-lowering agents (statins)
• Illustration depicting the origin of the cranial nerves from the ventral surface of the brain (cranial nerve palsies)
• Cranial CT showing oligodendroglioma (brain tumors)
• Illustration depicting the gross anatomy of the liver
• CT scan of the abdomen showing hypertrophic gastropathy or Ménétrier's disease (atrophic gastritis)
• Illustration of the bony structures of the thorax (chest wall)
• Chest x-ray showing bullous emphysema (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
• Photomicrograph showing asteroid bodies in pulmonary sarcoidosis
• X-ray showing carpometacarpal osteoarthritis
• Illustration depicting the types of capillaries (blood vessels)
• Photomicrograph of a hemangioblastoma (brain tumors)
• Photomicrograph of a schwannoma (acoustic neuroma; brain tumors)
• Photograph showing a neuroma (schwannoma) of the median nerve (median nerve neuropathy)
• Illustration depicting the three axillary spaces (shoulder, axilla, and brachial plexus)
• Intra-operative photograph showing endometriosis (pelvic pain)
• Photograph showing the technique to examine the conjunctiva (head and neck examination)
• Photograph showing an autopsied lung with metastases (general oncology)
• Illustration depicting the anatomy of the femur (thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Photograph showing the surface anatomy of the greater occipital nerve (shoulder, axilla, and brachial plexus)
• Cranial CT showing brain metastases (general oncology)
• Brain MRI showing Alzheimer disease (case 17: Forgetfulness)
• Photograph of an autopsied heart showing a thrombus in the left atrium (atrial fibrillation)
• CT scan of the lumbar spine showing a paraspinal abscess (thoracic cavity)
• Photograph of an autopsied heart showing a ruptured papillary muscle (acute coronary syndrome)
• Lateral x-ray of the elbow showing an olecranon stress fracture (collection of orthopedic conditions)
• CT scan of the lumbar spine showing a paraspinal abscess (osteomyelitis)
• Photomicrograph showing a hepatocellular adenoma (benign liver tumors and hepatic cysts)
• Photomicrograph showing a cavernous hemangioma of the liver (benign liver tumors and hepatic cysts)
• Abdominal CT scan showing a Spigelian hernia (abdominal hernias)
• Photomicrograph showing small cell lung cancer
• Photomicrograph of a pulmonary hamartoma (lung cancer)
• Photomicrograph of a bronchogenic cyst (congenital diaphragmatic hernias)
• Photomicrograph showing Langerhans cell histiocytosis (benign bone tumors)
• Chest x-ray showing Ebstein anomaly (cyanotic congenital heart defects )
• Ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy (pulmonary embolism)
• Photomicrograph of renal infarction (acute kidney injury)
• Photomicrograph of reactive gliosis (stroke)
• Intraoperative photograph showing peritoneal carcinomatosis (general oncology)
• Illustration depicting the muscles of the chest wall
• Abdominal CT scan showing a subcapsular hepatic hematoma (blunt abdominal trauma)
• Photomicrograph of liver cirrhosis
• Photomicrograph showing uric acid crystals (nephrolithiasis)
• Photomicrograph showing struvite crystals (nephrolithiasis)
• 2 Photographs showing Henoch-Schönlein purpura
• Photograph showing keratoderma blenorrhagicum (reactive arthritis)
• Photograph showing seborrheic keratosis (benign skin lesions)
• Illustration depicting hammer toe and claw toe deformities
• Illustration depicting the three ossicles of the ear
• Illustration depicting the musculoskeletal system of the dorsal thigh (thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Illustration depicting the hamstring muscles and the popliteus (thigh, knee, and popliteal fossa)
• Photograph showing paraphimosis (disorders of the glans penis and foreskin)
• Chest x-ray of pulmonary metastases (lung cancer; colon cancer)
• Photograph showing candidal vulvovaginitis
• Photograph showing a Bartholin cyst (female reproductive organs)
• Chest x-ray showing a pneumoperitoneum (peptic ulcer disease)
• Photograph showing an ileostomy (bowel surgery)
• Photograph showing cervical ectropion (diagnostic procedures in gynecology)
• Photograph showing acute tonsillitis
• Illustration depicting bacterial transformation (general bacteriology)
• Illustration depicting bacterial conjugation (general bacteriology)
• Illustration depicting bacterial transduction (general bacteriology)
• Illustration depicting bacterial transposition (general bacteriology)
• X-ray of the foot showing pes cavus and os peroneum (foot deformities)
• Photograph of the foot showing pes planus (foot deformities)
• Photograph of the foot showing pes cavus (foot deformities)
• Chest x-ray showing a solitary pulmonary mass (lung cancer)
• X-ray showing gamekeeper thumb (finger injuries)
• Fundoscopic image showing subretinal hemorrhage (age-related macular degeneration)
• Slitlamp examination showing a cataract
• Normal x-ray of the hands and wrist joints (forearm, wrist, and hand)
• 3 photographs showing scleritis (scleritis and episcelritis)
• CT scan of the chest showing hydropneumothorax (pneumothorax)
• Cranial MRI showing medulloblastoma (brain tumors)
• Photograph showing tinea capitis (dermatophyte infections)
• Photograph showing posteromedial papillary muscle rupture (acute coronary syndrome)
• Photograph showing bite wounds (wound treatment)
• Photograph showing the gross appearance of liver metastases (hepatocellular carcinoma)
• Photograph showing psoriasis
• Photograph showing atopic dermatitis
• X-ray showing the normal Y view of the shoulder (shoulder dislocation)
• X-ray showing a posterior shoulder dislocation
• 2 x-rays showing pneumoperitoneum (peptic ulcer; peritonitis)
• Photograph showing bilateral subconjunctival hemorrhage (conjunctival degenerations, dystrophies, and tumors)
• Illustration depicting types of synovial joints (general anatomy)
• Photograph showing telangiectasia in CREST (systemic sclerosis)
• 2 photographs showing sclerodactyly in CREST (systemic sclerosis)
• Photograph showing salt-and-pepper appearance of skin (systemic sclerosis)
• Photograph showing superior vena cava obstruction (lung cancer)
• Endoscopic image showing eosinophilic esophagitis (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
• Photograph showing lichen planus
• Photograph showing ecthyma (impetigo)
• CT scan showing hepatic metastases (hepatocellular carcinoma)
• X-ray showing hallux valgus deformity (toe deformities)
• CT scan showing hydronephrosis and hydroureter (urinary tract obstruction)
• Illustration depicting the branches of the abdominal aorta (gastrointestinal tract)
• Illustration depicting the blood supply of the thyroid gland
• Photograph showing joint hypermobility (Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and Marfan syndrome)
• Photograph showing a Spigelian hernia (abdominal hernias)
• Endoscopic view of esophageal cancer
• Endoscopic view of esophageal varices (portal hypertension)
• Photograph showing Raynaud's phenomenon (systemic sclerosis)
• Photograph showing gas gangrene
• 2 x-rays showing gas gangrene
• CT scan showing massive splenomegaly
• Fundoscopy showing proliferative diabetic retinopathy (diabetes mellitus)
• 2 x-rays showing large bowel obstruction
• Fundoscopic image showing CMV retinitis (cytomegalovirus infection)
• MRI image showing subacute subdural hematoma (shaken baby syndrome) (child maltreatment)
• Photograph showing a hematoma (principles of dermatology)
• Chest x-ray showing silicosis
• 2 photographs demonstrating piano key sign (acromioclavicular joint injury)
• X-ray of the shoulder showing acromioclavicular joint injury
• Photograph showing a pinguecula (conjunctival degenerations, dystrophies, and tumors)
• X-ray showing maxillary sinusitis
• 2 photographs showing acanthamoeba keratitis
• Photograph showing disciform keratitis
• Photograph showing a saddle thromboembolism (pulmonary embolism)
• X-ray showing an osteosarcoma (malignant bone tumors)
• Illustration depicting the motor homunculus (the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and meninges)
• Illustration depicting the sensory homunculus (the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and meninges)
• Illustration depicting free fluid in the rectouterine pouch (large intestine)